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班氏试剂

本尼迪克特试剂(英语:Benedict's reagent),也称班氏试剂本氏液本尼迪克试液本纳德试剂本尼迪特试剂,是一种浅蓝色化学试剂。其命名来自于一位美国化学家斯坦利·本尼迪克[1]

本氏试剂主要用来检测还原性糖,包括除蔗糖之外基本上所有的单糖二糖。本氏试剂由碳酸钠柠檬酸钠硫酸铜配制而成[2]

每1升本氏试剂含有:

  • 17.3g硫酸铜
  • 173g柠檬酸钠
  • 100g无水碳酸钠或270g十水碳酸钠

配制时,首先混合碳酸钠和柠檬酸钠,然后慢慢加入硫酸铜溶液并不断搅拌。 班氏试剂本身含毒,若使用期间触碰班氏试剂,使用完需清洁手部,以防误食

鉴定

首先,将需测试的样本溶解于水中,加入少量的班氏试剂,摇均后将此混合物在沸水中加热。反应时间约为3分钟。如果测试样本是还原糖,混合物中会形成砖红色的沉淀物。这是因为还原糖会将硫酸铜中的二价铜离子(Cu2+)还原成一价铜离子(Cu+),并以氧化亚铜(Cu2O)的形式沉淀出来。

如果溶液中还原糖含量较低,产生的氧化亚铜便会相应减少,因此试验后可能只会出现绿色、混浊的黄色橙色沉淀物。

参考资料

  1. ^ Benedict, S. R. A Reagent For the Detection of Reducing Sugars. J. Biol. Chem. 1908, 5: 485–487 [2008-06-15]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-02). 
  2. ^ Robert D. Simoni, Robert L. Hill, and Martha Vaughan. Benedict's Solution, a Reagent for Measuring Reducing Sugars: the Clinical Chemistry of Stanley R. Benedict. J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277 (16): 10–11 [2008-06-15]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-02). 
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班氏试剂
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