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服气,拼音:fú qì 又叫作“服气”、“行气”、“含气”等。原本为中国古代民间的一种养生方法,以后成为道教的一种修炼方术。《庄子》:“乘天地之正,而御六气之辩。”《楚辞・远游》中也有“餐六气而饮沆瀣兮,漱正阳而含朝霞”之句。

《陵阳子明经》中说:“春食朝霞,朝霞者,日始欲出赤黄气也;秋食沦阴,沦阴者,日没以后赤黄气也。冬饮沆瀣,沆瀣者,北方夜半气也;夏食正阳,正阳者,南方日中气也。并天地玄黄之气,是为六气也。”

另可指服饵,指服用中草药或金石炼成的外丹。服食仙药风气盛行魏晋时期。葛洪《抱朴子内篇·仙药》专论服食,列有上百种服食药材,比如茯苓、麦门冬、枸杞、天门冬、黄精、胡麻、桂、甘菊、松脂等,宣称“椒姜御寒,菖蒲益聪,巨胜延年,威喜辟兵”。后来李时珍著《本草纲目》,几乎全部收藏。《列仙传》中所列神仙们,其中绝大部分是服食草木药的,如赤将子舆“啖百草花”,涓子“好饵术”,师门“食桃李葩”,务光服“兰韭根”,鹿皮公“食芝草”。

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维基文库中的相关文本:钦定古今图书集成·博物汇编·神异典·服食部》,出自陈梦雷古今图书集成
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