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映射

映射(英语:map,mapping)或称射影写像,在数学及相关的领域经常等同于函数。基于此,部分映射就相当于部分函数,而完全映射相当于完全函数。在很多特定的数学领域中,这个术语用来描述具有与该领域相关联的特定性质函数,例如,在拓扑学中的连续函数线性代数中的线性变换等等。[1][2]

定义

形式逻辑

这个术语有时用来表示函数谓词(Functional predicate),在那里函数是集合论谓词的模型。

集合论

是两个非空集合,若对中的任一元素,依照某种规律或法则,恒有中唯一确定的元素与之对应,则称此对应规律或法则为一个从映射

记作

并且,称集合为映射定义域,集合为映射到达域;称原像[3]

记作

此外,称集合为映射值域

记作

称为作用下的

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ The Definitive Glossary of Higher Mathematical Jargon — Mapping. Math Vault. 2019-08-01 [2019-12-06]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-28) (美国英语). 
  2. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. (编). Map. at MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Wolfram Research, Inc. [2019-12-06]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-06) (英语). 
  3. ^ 胡冠章, 王殿军. 应用近世代数(清华大学硏究生公共课敎材: 数学系列). 清华大学出版社有限公司. 2006: 12. ISBN 9787302125662. 
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映射
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