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断代史

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断代史史书的一种体例,与通史相对,指只记载某一段时代历史的史书。

中国古代大部分的史书都是断 代史,断代史史书被认为从班固的《汉书》开始,因汉书只记述西汉一朝约二百三十年的历史,自汉太祖立国(汉高帝元年)起,至王莽篡汉统治中国(王莽地皇四年)为止。

断代史是古时中国史家最常采用的体例,由于中国自有史以来均为君主专制,本朝人往往不敢直评本朝政治,忌讳甚多。而断代史较合著者之心理,因前朝已亡,评述前朝政治,危疑较少,较易发挥。唐朝史家刘知几最为推崇断代史,认为断代史“言皆精练,语甚该密,学者寻讨,易为其功”。

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断代史
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