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摩尔吸光度

摩尔消光系数,又称摩尔吸光系数,是衡量化学物种吸收特定波长光强度的度量单位。此为物质的固有性质。根据比尔-朗伯定律A = εcl,试样的实际吸光度A,与光径长l、物质浓度c有关。ε的单位通常是M-1cm-1或L mol-1cm-1。因为1升合1000cm3,有时1000倍大的数值在旧表示法中常使用cm2mol-1

生物化学里,蛋白质在280nm的消光系数几乎全由芳香族残基,尤其是色氨酸所决定,可由氨基酸序列预测。[1] 若消光系数已知,可以决定溶液中蛋白质浓度。

另一个消光系数的度量单位是E1%,称为质量消光系数。E1%是1%质量百分浓度溶液的吸光度,单位为dag-1L cm-1。ε和E1%的换算可使用下列公式:ε = ((E1%/10)*分子量)

当溶液中含超过一种吸光物种,总吸光度为个别物质(X,Y等)吸光度的总和:

N种成分的混合物组成可藉测量N个波长N个波长的吸光度找出(个别化合物在这些波长的ε值须已知),选定的波长通常是个别化合物最大吸收(吸光度峰值)的波长。任意波长不必是任一对物质的等消光点。N种成分的浓度ci和波长λi、吸光度Ai)可求得:

这组联立方程式可求解以导出个别吸光物种的浓度。

摩尔消光系数ε与吸收截面直接相关:

单位为cm2[2]

参见

  1. ^ Gill, SC; von Hippel, PH, Calculation of protein extinction coefficients from amino acid sequence data, Analytical Biochemistry, 1989, 182 (2): 319–26 
  2. ^ Lakowicz, Joseph R, Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy 3rd, New York: Springer Science+Businss Media, LLC: 59, 2006 
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摩尔吸光度
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