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摄像机

Sony Betacam SP摄像机“Digital 1000”
Sony Hi8摄像机“EVW-300”
“摄像机”的各地常用名称
中国大陆摄像机
台湾摄影机
港澳摄录机

摄像机（英语：video camera）是一种使用光学原理来记录视频的装置。摄像机的发明初时是用于电影及电视节目制作，但现时已普及化。

正如照相机一样，早期摄像机需要使用胶片或者录像带来进行纪录。数字相机发明以来，视频可以直接存储在闪存内。更新型的摄像机，则是将视频资料直接存储在机身的硬盘中，不仅可以动态录影，也可以静态拍摄，就可不用同时带数字相机。家庭式携带方便的摄像机机身轻，好操作，几乎是家庭必备的电器用品。目前，摄像机以松下、索尼两大公司的产品为主，JVC以及佳能正在逐步的扩大其产品的各项性能、特色等，向着高清数字视频方向发展[1]。

历史

向数码电视的过渡推动了数码摄像机的发展。到21世纪初，大多数摄像机都是数字相机。

随着数码视频捕获的出现，专业摄像机和电影摄像机之间的区别已经消失，因为间歇机制已经变得相同。如今，专门用于电视和其他工作（电影除外）的中档相机被称为专业摄像机。

分类

按录制功能分类：

  • 摄录一体机（简称“录放影机”），即摄影和记录为一体的录影机
  • 摄影，即只有摄影照片功能的摄像机

按质量分类：

  • 广播级摄像机
  • 业务级摄像机（专业级摄像机）
  • 家用级摄像机

按使用分类：

  • 便携式摄像机
  • 演播室专用摄像机

按传感器类型分类：

  • CCD
  • CMOS

按传感器大小分类（以英寸为单位）：

  • 2/3
  • 1/2
  • 1/3
  • 1/4
  • 其中，2/3英寸传感器用于广播级摄像机；1/3传感器常用于专业级摄像机和家用机摄像机

按感测数量分类：

  • CCD或CMOS
  • 2CCD或2CMOS
  • 3CCD或3CMOS
  • 家用摄像机是单个CCD或CMOS，专业级和广播级摄像机是3CCD或3CMOS

按存储方式分类：

  • 录像带
  • 蓝光光碟
  • 闪存
  • 硬盘

相关

参考来源

  1. ^ 家用摄像机发明起源于胶片摄像机 （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）人民网.哈尔滨日报.王铁.[2014-03-22]

外部链接

Canon
全幅
5D Mark II (2008)·1D Mark IV (2009)·1D X (2011)·5D Mark III (2012)·6D (2012)·5DS/5DS R (2015)·1D X Mark II (2016)·5D Mark IV (2016)·6D Mark II (2017)·R (2018)·RP (2019)
高阶
7D (2009)·7D Mark II (2014)
中端
60D (2010)·70D (2013)·80D (2016)90D (2019)
初阶
500D (2009)·550D (2010)·600D (2011)·650D (2012)·700D (2013)·750D (2015)·800D (2017)·1100D (2011)·EOS M (2012)·100D (2013)·1200D (2014)·1300D (2016)·2000D (2018)·4000D (2018)
Nikon
FX画幅
D3S(2009)·D800(2012)·D800E(2012)·D4(2012)·D600(2012)·D610(2013)·D4S (2014)·D810 (2014)·D750 (2014)·D810A (2015)·D5 (2016)·D850 (2017)·Z6 (2018)·Z7 (2018)
高阶
D300S (2009)·D500 (2016)
中端
D90 (2008)·D7000 (2010)·D7100 (2013)·D7200 (2015)·D7500 (2017)
初阶
D5000 (2009)·D3100 (2010)·D5100 (2011)·D3200 (2012)·D5200 (2012)·D5300 (2013)·D3300 (2014)·D5500 (2015)·D3400 (2016)·D5600 (2016)·D3500 (2018)
Panasonic
中端
GH1 (2009)· GH2 (2010)· GH3 (2012)· GH4(2014)· GH5 (2017)
Pentax
高阶
K-7 (2009)·K-5 (2010)
中端
K-x (2009)·K-r (2010)
Sony
高阶
α99 (2012)·α7 (2013)·α7R (2013)·α7S (2014)·α7 II (2014)·α7R II (2015)·α7S II (2015)·α99 II (2016)·α9 (2017)·α7R III (2017)·α7 III (2018)·α7R IV (2019)·α9 II (2019)
中端
α560 (2010)·α580 (2010)·α55 (2010)·α65 (2011)·α77 (2011)·NEX-7(2011)·α57(2012)·NEX-6(2012)·α58(2013)·α6000(2014)·α77 II (2014)·α68(2015)·α6300(2016)·α6500(2016)·α6400(2019)·α6100(2019)·α6600(2019)
初阶
NEX-3(2010)·NEX-5(2010)·α33 (2010)·α35 (2011)·NEX-C3(2011)·NEX-5N(2011)·NEX-F3(2012)·α37(2012)·NEX-5R(2012)·NEX-3N(2013)·NEX-5T(2013)·α3000(2013)·α5000(2014)·α3500(2014)·α5100(2014)
奥林巴斯
OM-D系列
E-M5 (2012)·E-M1 (2013)
PEN系列 进阶
E-P3 (2011)·E-P5 (2013)
PEN系列 入门
E-PL5 (2012)·E-PL6 (2013)·E-PL7 (2014)
 
各地
学术
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