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收支平衡点

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收支平衡点(英语:Break-Even Point),又称损益两平点盈亏平衡点,即为总收入等于总成本之销货水准,亦是利润为零的销货水准,常用于管理会计的使用,是CVP分析中一项重要的指标。其意涵为企业之销货额(或量)至少要达到损益两平点,否则企业将发生亏损,反之,若企业销货额(或量)超过损益两平点,则能够获利。

计算损益两平点常用的方法有三种:方程式法、边际贡献法和图解法。

计算公式

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收支平衡点销售额固定成本 ÷{1-(变动成本 ÷ 销售额)}
收支平衡点销售量 = 固定成本 ÷{平均单价 ×(1-变动成本率)}= 收支平衡点销售额 ÷ 平均单价
收支平衡点销售额固定成本 ÷(售价 - 平均变动成本)

图形表示

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收支平衡点

收支平衡点在以数量为横轴、金额为纵轴的图中是销售收入线总成本线的交点。

参考资料

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收支平衡点
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