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抽象层

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抽象层(英语:abstraction layer, abstraction level,或 a layer of abstraction)是一种隐藏独特功能执行细节的方法。使用抽象层的软件模型包含OSI网络协议七层模型、OpenGL绘图函数库及以Unix为原本的输入输出(I/O)模型,并适用于大部分新一代的操作系统。

在Unix操作系统中,大部分的输入输出形式被视为从装置读写的流值。而流值模型为了提供独立装置被文件及终端I/O所使用。为了在应用层读写装置,程序调用函数开启像是终端的实体装置或是网络文件系统的虚拟装置。装置的实体特征是被允许程序员读写资料的操作系统所调用。接着操作系统操作正确的读写转换。

大部分的图形库,像是OpenGL,提供抽象图形装置模型。这种函数库的主要功能在于转换程序员的指令到图形组件。这个特殊的绘图指令与对传统阴极射线管银幕的指令不同,而是隐藏了抽象接口的细节。

资讯学,抽象层是模型算法的推广。

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抽象层
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