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投票悖论

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投票悖论孔多塞悖论(Condorcet paradox)是一个由法国学者尼古拉·德·孔多塞在18世纪晚期提出的一个悖论。在这个假想情况中,集体倾向可以是循环性的,即使个人的倾向不是。

示例

假设甲乙丙三人,面对ABC三个备选方案,有如以下的偏好排序:

投票人 第一偏好 第二偏好 第三偏好
A B C
B C A
C A B

无论投票结果是什么,都会有至少两人认可的更优方案存在。

如果投票结果是A,则乙和丙都认为C比A更好。当结果是C时,甲和乙都认为B比C好。无论结果如何,多数人都会倾向于另一套方案。

参考资料

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投票悖论
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