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慢波睡眠

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30秒的时段内多型态睡眠评估上的SWS,第四睡眠期,红框范围内为脑波。

慢波睡眠又称深度睡眠,是用来指正常生理性睡眠非快速动眼睡眠的第三、四期睡眠阶段。

睡眠阶段

  • 第一睡眠期以α脑电波为主
  • 第二睡眠期以θ脑电波为主 4~7 Hz,另外穿插睡眠纺锤波 8~16 Hz
  • 第三睡眠期以δ脑电波为主 1~4 Hz
  • 第四睡眠期以δ脑电波为主
  • 快速动眼期

睡眠周期

由醒觉进入睡眠状态,是依下列次序进行:

醒觉状态、第一睡眠期、第二睡眠期、第三睡眠期、第四睡眠期、第三睡眠期、第二睡眠期、快速动眼期、第二睡眠期、第三睡眠期、第四睡眠期、第三睡眠期、第二睡眠期、快速动眼期

越接近第一睡眠期,越容易觉醒,反之沉睡。

在脑电图上的特征

在慢波睡眠时,脑电图的起伏可达75微伏低频波(熟睡时的典型脑电波)。在睡眠的前三分之一时间,皆为慢波睡眠。

特征

慢波睡眠也被认为是深度睡眠,这或许因为在此阶段因故醒来的人们会感到意识迷迷糊糊,精神不甚清醒。如果被剥夺了这段睡眠,尽管隔了几个小时后,身体仍然被大脑要求恢复尚未完成的慢波睡眠。

参考资料

  • 《国立空中大学 心理学(上)》 吴静吉等编著
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慢波睡眠
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