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恩加纳桑语

恩加纳桑语
ня”
发音[nʲɐʔ]
母语国家和地区 俄罗斯
区域泰梅尔自治区
族群恩加纳桑人(860人,2010年)[1]
母语使用人数
125 (2010年人口普查)[2]
语系
文字西里尔字母
语言代码
ISO 639-3nio
Glottologngan1291[3]
ELPNganasan
恩加纳桑语分布区域(图中标识Nganasan)

恩加纳桑语ня”),又译为牙纳桑语[4],是俄罗斯西伯利亚恩加纳桑人使用的语言。2010年人口普查中860名恩加纳桑人中只有125人会说该语言。人口分布泰梅尔半岛的西南部和中部地区,属于乌拉尔语系萨莫耶德语族

分类

恩加纳桑语是乌拉尔语系萨莫耶德语族中最不同的语言(Janhunen 1998)。有两种主要方言:阿瓦姆方言和瓦杰耶夫方言。恩加纳桑语的词汇里有一些来源不明的基层元素,是其他萨莫耶德语族语言如涅涅茨语埃涅茨语中的两倍。这些基层元素跟邻近的通古斯语族尤卡吉尔语系皆不相像。这个基层元素的来源至今未明[5]

正字法

20世纪90年代发展出以西里尔字母拼写恩加纳桑语的文字系统。

А а Б б В в Г г Д д Е е Ё ё Ж ж
З з Ҙ ҙ И и Й й К к Л л М м
Н н Ӈ ӈ О о Ө ө П п Р р С с Ҫ ҫ
Т т У у Ү ү Ф ф Х х Ц ц Ч ч Ш ш
Щ щ Ъ ъ Ы ы Ь ь Э э Ә ә Ю ю Я я

范例

恩加纳桑语《世界人权宣言》第一条[1]

Бəнде” ӈанасанə” ӈəтукəнды” нендя”туо” ӈонə хонсы хелиде” ӈиле мəнəй (правай). Сытыӈ хонды” ӈиле ӈонда ӈонə сяру, дүзытəндыӈ ихүтүӈ нягəə” сүөарусə”.

对应的汉语翻译:

人人生而自由,在尊严和权利上一律平等。他们赋有理性和良心,并应以兄弟关系的精神相对待。

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Nganasan. Omniglot. [2020-08-24]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-02) (英语). 
  2. ^ Перепись-2010: ВЛАДЕНИЕ ЯЗЫКАМИ НАСЕЛЕНИЕМ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (PDF). gks.ru. Russian Bureau of Statistics. [2017-11-01]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-12-10) (俄语). 
  3. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Nganasan. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 
  4. ^ 浅谈世界语言谱系. 北京语言文字工作协会. 2017-07-30 [2020-07-27]. (原始内容存档于2020-07-27) (中文). 
  5. ^ Хелимский Е.А. Самодийская лингвистическая реконструкция и праистория самодийцев. Русский филологический портал. [2020-08-24]. (原始内容存档于2020-02-23) (俄语). 

外部链接

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恩加纳桑语
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