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御盆

幕末期的盂兰盆节,《日本的礼仪与习惯概略》,1867年出版

御盆(日语:お盆おぼん Obon)是日本传统节日,即当地的中元节与盂兰盆节。日本在飞鸟时代传入佛教的盂兰盆节,后来与当地民俗的祖先崇拜结合,具有独特的庆祝方式。

明治维新前,日本人在农历七月十三十六日进行,明治维新后,部分地区改为公历7月13至16日,也有些地区改为8月13至16日,接近旧历的日子。

日本人对盂兰盆节很重视,现已成为仅次于元旦的重要节日,企业公司一般都会放假一周左右,称为“盆休”(お盆休み),很多出门在外工作的日本人都选择利用这个假期返乡团聚祭祖,此时是长途交通的尖峰时期东京大阪等大都市街道多显冷清,类似华人的清明节。1985年8月12日日本航空123号班机坠毁时正值盂兰盆节,机上大多数乘客即为返乡的人流。一般是十三日前扫墓,十三日接先人鬼魂,十六日送。日本人在此节日会准备一种名为“精灵马”(精霊馬)的供品,象征迎接及恭送祖先。[1]

日本此时也有送盂兰礼物的习惯,各地方都会举行盂兰盆会,会上众人聚集,跳一种名曰“盆踊”的舞蹈,专注于手部动作。

参见

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参考资料

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参考文献

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  • Marinus Willem de Visser: Ancient Buddhism in Japan – Sutras and Ceremonies in Use in the 7th and 8th Centuries A.D. and their History in Later Times页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 2 volumes, Paul Geuthner, Paris 1928-1931; Brill, Leiden 1935, pp 58-115
  • Robert J. Smith: Ancestor Worship in Contemporary Japan, Stanford University Press, Stanford, California 1974. ISBN 0-8047-0873-8
  • Ensho Ashikaga (1950), The Festival for the Spirits of the Dead in Japan, Western Folklore 9 (3), 217-228  – 通过JSTOR 需付费查阅页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆

外部链接

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御盆
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