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从四位

日语写法
日语原文従四位
假名じゅしい
平文式罗马字Jyushii

从四位为日本品秩与神阶的一种,位于正四位之下、正五位之上,勋等上相当于勋四等,追赠时则称为赠从四位

解说

律令制度中从四位相当于左京大夫右京大夫等管理朝廷内行政事务的长官、次官。从四位下以上至正四位上者并非公卿之故,敬称为在姓氏与名讳后,增加官位与朝臣之名。例如“细川右京大夫从四位下源胜元朝臣”

律令制度时三位以上列为公卿,四位则以藤原氏的旁系或非藤原氏的中级贵族为主。当武门之首清和源氏桓武平氏初叙从五位下而极位正四位的状况时,既非嫡子又无拥有武勋者可以说是不可能昇至此位。

镰仓时代北条氏掌握政权后,不只是北条氏嫡子昇为正四位上,北条氏家族一门与有力家臣也获得从四位下等官位。

室町时代以后各地有力大名均可获得此位,尤其是负责三管领四职的足利氏一门、有力守护大名、或是名门出身的守护家柄。

足利幕府将军虽然起初是任职权大纳言等公卿相当的品秩,但室町时代后期以降将军后继者的竞争更为激烈,13代将军足利义辉足利义昭等皆以从四位下接任征夷大将军,为跳过正四位以从四位之身位列公卿的例子。

进入战国时代三好氏等幕府相伴众也位列从四位下,也发生家臣松永久秀也与本家一样位居从四位下等与实力相应的状况。

织田信长的后继者丰臣秀吉在消灭室町幕府后,将德川家康前田利家等重臣升为二位、三位之品秩,其嫡长子与重臣则昇为从四位。

德川家康建立江戸幕府后,亲藩大名谱代大名家内的老中等重臣、旗本中的高家外样大名中10万石以上者皆拥有此位。

明治时代从四位相当于华族中的男爵位,与海军中将

今天主要是有所功劳的公务员、在艺术、文化、学术研究拥有功绩的大学教授。

参见

  • 从四品:东亚其他地区的相等品秩

外部链接

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从四位
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