For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 显德毁佛.

显德毁佛

显德毁佛,即后周世宗灭佛。自后周显德二年(公元955年)起,后周世宗开始排斥佛教的一系列政策。后人将它与北魏太武帝灭佛北周武帝灭佛唐武宗灭佛并称为“三武一宗”。是五代唯一一次排斥佛法[1]

背景

[编辑]

后周世宗佛教有所研究,认为佛教有助世劝善之功,但反对当时僧侣的败坏风气。当时天下大乱,青壮年为了逃避徭役和兵役,加上土地兼并严重,很多人无田可耕,纷纷抛家弃口出家为僧,使国家缺少大量的兵源和劳动力,给国家造成了巨大负担,社会生产力极其低下,甚至出现百人都无法供养一个士兵的情况。因此为了恢复生产,郭荣下令,全国禁佛。[2]

作法

[编辑]

凡是有老小需要照顾的僧人或者私自剃度的僧人全部还俗回家,全国很多佛寺在此之后空无一人,国家当时就废止了这些佛寺。只留下前朝帝王有赐与敕额的重点佛寺,其余寺院一律毁去,又对僧侣条件严格限制,必须要会背诵一定卷数以上的佛经并取得尊长同意,才能出家,否则犯罪。且禁止一切当年佛教徒“自残”(斩断手脚、以热油烫脸等)明志的风气,最后,废去佛寺30336所,还俗61200僧。全国寺院仅余两千所。

因为国家连年打仗,经济急需要恢复,当时却缺少流通的货币。自乱世纷争以来,当时有檀越销融铜钱以铸的风气,周世宗反其道而行,即下令毁灭天下铜制佛像,要销毁佛像以铸造铜钱。世宗限定民众于五十日内缴纳,官府收购。只要家藏五斤以上的铜佛而不缴纳,则判死刑。一时天下佛像几灭。官员议论纷纷,周世宗却说:“卿辈勿以毁佛为疑。夫佛,以善道化人,苟志于善,斯奉佛矣。彼铜像岂所谓佛耶?且吾闻佛在利人,虽头、目犹舍以布施。若朕身可以济民,亦非所惜也。”[3]

参见

[编辑]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ 《圣道兴衰录》夷狄为帝,犹重浮图;至于显德,伽蓝几灭。
  2. ^ 显德二年五月诏:“释氏贞宗,圣人妙道,助世劝善,其利甚优。前代以来,累有条贯,近年己降,颇紊规绳。近览诸州奏闻,继有缁徒犯法,盖无科禁,遂至尤违,私度僧尼,日增猥杂;创修寺庙,渐至繁多;乡村之中,甚弊转甚。漏网背军之辈,苟剃削以逃刑;行奸为盗之徒,托住寺而隐恶。将隆教法,须辨否臧,宜举旧章,用革前弊。”
  3. ^ 《资治通鉴》
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
显德毁佛
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?