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张思训.
张思训(?—?),四川人。北宋天文学家。
早年是司天监学生,宋太平兴国四年(979年),张思训造出以水银(避免温度变化影响)为动力流体的水运“浑象”[1]。《宋史·天文志》记载:“其制:起楼高丈余,机隐于内,规天矩地。下设地轮、地足;又为横轮、侧轮、斜轮、定身关、中关、小关、天柱;七直神,左摇铃,右扣钟,中击鼓,以定刻数。每一昼夜,周而复始。又以木为十二神,各直一时,至其时则自执辰牌,循环而出,随刻数以定昼夜短长;上有天顶、天牙、天关、天指、天抱(托)、天束、天条,布三百六十五度,为日、月、五星、紫微宫、列宿、斗建、黄赤道,以日行度定寒暑进退。”后来宋太宗命人于皇宫内打造,一年有成,放置文明殿东鼓楼下,命名为“ 太平浑仪”。到了苏颂时(1088年)已经毁损,无人知其制法。
- ^ 梁章钜《浪迹丛谈续编》卷8“自鸣钟”条引宋人袁褧《枫窗小牍》说:“太平兴国中,蜀人张思训制上浑仪,其制与旧仪不同,为楼阁数层,高丈余,以木偶为七直人,以值七政,自能撞击钟鼓。又有十二神各直一时,至其时即执辰牌,循环而出。”
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