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建御雷

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日语写法
日语原文建御雷
假名タケミカヅチ
平文式罗马字Takemikazuchi

建御雷タケミカヅチ)是日本神话中的一位神祇,被奉为雷神、刀剑之神、弓术之神、武神和军神。在《古事记》里写作建御雷之男神建御雷神,在《日本书纪》里写作武瓮槌武瓮雷男神。别名建布都神丰布都神,在鹿岛神宫祭祀中则以鹿岛神的名字出现。

根据《古事记》的说法,伊奘诺尊十拳剑杀死火神迦具土后,迦具土的血从剑柄上落了下来,生成了三柱神,其中一位就是建御雷神。

后来,天照大神任命儿子正哉吾胜胜速日天忍穗耳尊苇原中国的统治者。然而天忍穗耳尊在天之浮桥上观看下界的情景时,声称苇原中国正处于大骚乱时期,返回高天原向天照大神报告。天照大神先后命令天菩比神天若日子等神前往召谕统治苇原中国的国神大国主神交出政权,但都失败了。最终,天照大神派遣建御雷前往召谕大国主神。建御雷与天鸟船神降到出云国伊那佐之小滨,拔出十拳剑,问大国主神是否愿意交出国家。大国主命其子事代主神神代其回答。事代主神同意了,随即隐入水中。

然而大国主神的另一个儿子建御名方不同意交出政权,要求决斗。建御雷的手被建御名方捉住了,但其手立即化为冰又化为利刃,建御名方不得不松手。随后建御雷捉住建御名方的手,向芦苇一般将其投出,这可能就是相扑的起源。建御名方败逃,大国主神只得交出苇原中国退隐。

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