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康兆政变

康兆政变韩语:강조의 정변康兆의政變 Gangjoui Jeongbyeon)是发生于高丽穆宗在位时的1009年的一次宫廷政变。西京(今平壤附近)都巡检使康兆弑君行为,成为了辽国第二次入侵高丽的导火索。

背景

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康兆政变发生之时,正值千秋太后金致阳专政的时候。由于穆宗没有后嗣,唯恐大权旁落至外姓人手上,宗室都希望为穆宗寻找后嗣,以续高丽王朝。

经过

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根据《高丽史》的纪录[1],在己酉年(1009年)正月壬申日,当高丽第7代国王穆宗在详故殿观灯时,大府油库发生火灾,并延烧至千秋宫。这场火被认为是由高丽武官金致阳放火,目的是要威胁杀死穆宗并篡位。穆宗“见殿宇府库煨烬,悲叹成疾,不听政”[1],“累日不豫”[2],而且“厌见群臣”,所以“王与蔡忠顺、崔沅密议立嗣,遣皇甫俞义迎大良院君于神穴寺”[2]。康兆收到消息,便带兵到开京,并立刻处死了金致阳及其支持者。与康兆为敌的大臣们马上散布谣言说康兆要谋反篡位。穆宗得知后开始策划杀死康兆。康兆于是下令其部下杀死所有与他为敌的人,包括穆宗。刺杀了穆宗后,康兆立穆宗堂叔王询为王,即高丽显宗

得知穆宗被杀后,辽圣宗耶律隆绪于1010年趁机以为穆宗报仇为由,率40万契丹大军攻打高丽。康兆率军迎敌。取得了些胜利后,康兆开始轻敌。将指挥大权交给了他的部下,结果契丹大胜高丽。康兆也被契丹活捉。耶律隆绪多次要康兆投靠辽国,但康兆不肯。于是辽圣宗耶律隆绪将他处死。

参考资料

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康兆政变
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