For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 库车河.

库车河

库车河,又称苏巴什河,史称“东川水”,是中华人民共和国新疆维吾尔自治区的一条河流,位于塔里木盆地,该河全长126千米,集水面积约3118平方千米,年均径流量约为3.26亿立方米。根据兰干水文站测定,该河夏季富水期径流量占全年的61.1%,冬季枯水期径流量占全年的5.4%。[1]

库车河流域位于中天山南麓。库车河发源于天山山脉科克铁克山莫斯塔冰川,地理坐标介于东径82°40′~83°51′,北纬41°22′~42°38′之间,从源头至出山口,河流基本上呈北南方向,抵兰干水文站以下,河水引入灌区,兰干水文站以上集水面积3118km2,河长122km,流域总面积5070km2,河流总长221.6km。 库车河源最高峰海拔4505m,长年积雪,冰川发育,据中科院兰州冰川所资料,流域内冰川59条,冰川面积23.7km2,占流域径流形成区面积的0.8%。高山区有大龙池、小龙池等湖泊,但水面较小,合计约1.5km2。库车河流域地形为北高南低,中部稍有隆起,以秋立塔克山为界,把流域分为北部山区、南部平原区。河流谷地狭窄,河道弯曲,低山区河谷稍宽阔,阶地发育,谷地覆盖较厚的第四纪松散沉积,冲积平原自西北向东南倾斜,末端与塔里木盆地北缘连接,最低点海拔938m。 库车河流域属大陆性暖温带干旱气候。其气候特征为:山区气候温凉,热量不足,降水充沛,无霜期短;平原区热量丰富,光照充足,降水较少,无霜期长,空气干燥。流域内多年平均降水量224.9mm,其中山区平均339.7mm,平原区只有65.3mm:但水面蒸发量与降水量恰好相反,山区多年平均只有700mm,平原区多年平均可达1350mm。据库车县气象站资料统计,多年平均气温11.4℃,历年极端最高气温达41.5℃(1956年7月25日),历年极端最低气温-27.4℃(1955年1月3日),多年平均气温年较差56.3℃。多年平均日照时数2786.9小时,多年平均风速2.4m/s,年大风日数在2~41天左右,主要出现在5~7月,风向多为N、NW和NNW,冻土深度最大0.89m。 库车河先后设立过阿艾和兰干水文站。阿艾水文站只有1960-1966年五年完整资料:兰干水文站位于库车河出山口,地理位置为东经83°16′北纬42°17′,1956年9月设立,截至2005年共有49年完整的径流、洪水和40年悬移质泥沙资料,上述资料均经新疆水文水资源局审查刊印或录入数据库。

地图


参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ 马秀峰等. 《西北内陆河区水旱灾害》. 郑州: 黄河水利出版社. 1999. ISBN 7-80621-267-1. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
库车河
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?