For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 巫毒鼓.

巫毒鼓

一只作为打击乐器的巫毒鼓。
由塑料或玻璃钢制成的巫毒鼓的声音。

巫毒鼓也称“呜嘟鼓”(英语:udu drum),是一种来自尼日利亚伊博族传统打击乐器,它既是内爆式气鸣乐器,也是体鸣乐器[1]伊博语中“ùdù”的含义是“罐子”,尤指上面多出一个孔洞的大水罐。伊博族的女人往往在传统庆典中演奏巫毒鼓。[2]巫毒鼓通常由陶土制成,并由手直接演奏。演奏者的手打击孔洞时可以直接制造一个低音。[3]巫毒鼓也可以轻易产生不同音高的声响,这取决于手如何遮盖顶部较小的孔洞。除此之外,整个罐体都可以由手指打击演奏。如今,世界各地的打击乐手将巫毒鼓用于不同风格的音乐中。

历史传统

根据伊博族传统,只有女性能够制造巫毒鼓与其他陶器,这是因为制造陶器所需的泥土收集地是圣洁的,对男人来讲是很危险的,闯入这些地点是种罪行,会使能他们变得无能。如同其他非洲传统乐器多在仪式、典礼中使用,巫毒鼓也常出现在伊博族的仪式中,他们认为陶器是与祖先沟通的媒介,巫毒鼓的声音象征着祖先的声音。传统仪式中巫毒鼓主要是由女性演奏。

陶器对伊博族生活上是相当中要的一项工具,他们依赖陶器打水、做饭、储酒、洗手等。另外,制作陶器并贩卖对于伊博族来说是一项重要的经济来源。然而,因塑料制品传入非洲,陶器在现在已非重要经济支撑。随时代变迁,不同地域的人传播、使用和改制,巫毒鼓从传统壶型演化至今已出现许多不同形状造型,就连材料也出现木头、合成玻璃纤维等。[4]

衍生乐器

  • 美国艺术家弗兰克·乔治尼(Frank Giorgni)发明了一系列现代巫毒鼓[5],改进了传统结构,并冠以全新的名称,如Utar、Mbwata、Hadgini、Udongo等等。它们的外形都和传统的巫毒鼓由很大区别,比如Utar的躯体是扁平的,而Udongo有两个差不多大的腔体。
  • 波斯打击乐手Behnam Samani在传统巫毒鼓的基础上增加两个孔洞,并在一个大孔洞上蒙上鼓皮,定名为Zarbang Udoo;另外他还发明了木头为原材的Udu Wood,上面附带不同音色的两个鼓面和四个发声用木片。[6]

参考资料

  1. ^ Alexander Akorlie, Agordoh. African Music: Traditional and Contemporary. Nova Publisher. 2005: 81. 
  2. ^ Nzewi, Meki. Musical Practice and Creativity: An African Traditional Perspective. University of Bayreuth. 1991: 68. 
  3. ^ Schlagwerk percussion website. Schlagwerk. [2 August 2012]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-07). 
  4. ^ 科学月刊/科技报导. 科學月刊: 科學嘣嘣—壺中的神祕低鳴. 科学月刊. 2016-09-02 [2021-02-09]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-17). 
  5. ^ WELCOME TO UDU.COM. www.udu.com. [2021-02-09]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-16). 
  6. ^ Zarbang Udoo & Udu Wood. 2013-09-20 [2021-02-09]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-13) (中文(台湾)). 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
巫毒鼓
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?