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小鲵

小鲵科
比叡山小鲵 Hynobius kimurae
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 两栖纲 Amphibia
目: 有尾目 Urodela
亚目: 隐鳃鲵亚目 Cryptobranchoidea
科: 小鲵科 Hynobiidae
Cope, 1859
模式属
小鲵属 Hynobius
Tschudi, 1838

小鲵学名:Hynobiidae)是较原始的有尾目两栖动物

特征

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小鲵身长约5至9公分,体形与大鲵相似,躯体扁长,四很短,前肢有4,后肢有5,还有一条短而侧扁的尾巴,背面呈黑或棕褐色,腹面颜色较浅,头部较小,舌头较大,牙齿呈V形。

分布

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小鲵主要分布于亚洲的高纬度地区,生活在水边草地,跟同样分布于亚洲的大鲵隐鳃鲵科 Cryptobranchidae)有较近的亲缘关系。

分类

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目前约有50种,其中约有一半为日本特有种[1]

  1. 无唇褶山溪鲵 - B. cochranae Liu, 1950
  2. 古尔日山溪鲵 - B. gorganensis Clergue-Gazeau and Thorn, 1979
  3. 无角鞘山溪鲵 - B. karlschmidti Liu, 1950
  4. 龙洞山溪鲵 - B. londongensis Liu and Tian in Liu, Hu, Tian and Wu, 1978
  5. 喀布尔山溪鲵 - B. mustersi Smith, 1940
  6. 伊朗山溪鲵 - B. persicus Eiselt and Steiner, 1970
  7. 山溪鲵 - B. pinchonii (David, 1872)
  8. B. taibaiensis Song, Zeng, Wu, Liu and Fu, 2001
  9. 西藏山溪鲵 - B. tibetanus Schmidt, 1925
  10. 盐源山溪鲵 - B. yenyuanensis Liu, 1950
  1. 河氏小鲵 - H. abei Sato, 1934
  2. 安吉小鲵 - H. amjiensis Gu, 1992
  3. 阿里山小鲵 - H. arisanensis Maki, 1922
  4. 布氏小鲵 - H. boulengeri (Thompson, 1912)
  5. 中国小鲵 - H. chinensis Günther, 1889
  6. 邓氏小鲵 - H. dunni Tago, 1931
  7. 台湾小鲵 - H. formosanus Maki, 1922
  8. H. hidamontanus Matsui, 1987
  9. 比叡山小鲵 - H. kimurae Dunn, 1923
  10. 东北小鲵 - H. leechii Boulenger, 1887
  11. 费氏小鲵 - H. lichenatus Boulenger, 1883
  12. 黑疣小鲵 - H. naevius (Temminck and Schlegel, 1838)
  13. 无斑小鲵 - H. nebulosus (Temminck and Schlegel, 1838)
  14. 黑小鲵 - H. nigrescens Stejneger, 1907
  15. 隐岐小鲵 - H. okiensis Sato, 1940
  16. H. quelpartensis Mori, 1928
  17. 滞育小鲵 - H. retardatus Dunn, 1923
  18. 楚南氏山椒鱼(玉山小鲵) - H. sonani (Maki, 1922)
  19. 琥珀小鲵 - H. stejnegeri Dunn, 1923
  20. H. takedai Matsui and Miyazaki, 1984
  21. 东京小鲵 - H. tokyoensis Tago, 1931
  22. 对马小鲵 - H. tsuensis Abé, 1922
  23. H. turkestanicus Nikolskii, 1910
  24. H. yangi Kim, Min and Matsui, 2003
  25. 义鸟小鲵 - H. yiwuensis Cai, 1985
  26. 豫南小鲵 - H. yunanicus Chen, Qu and Niu, 2001
  1. 费希尔爪鲵 - O. fischeri (Boulenger, 1886)
  2. 日本爪鲵 - O. japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782)
  1. 商城肥鲵 - P. shangchengensis Fei, Qu and Wu, 1983
  • 原鲵属 Protohynobius Fei and Ye, 2000
  1. 普雄原鲵 - P. puxiongensis Fei and Ye, 2000
  1. 黄斑北鲵 - R. flavomaculatus (Hu and Fei in Hu, Fei and Ye, 1978)
  2. 巫山北鲵 - R. shihi (Liu, 1950)
  3. 新疆北鲵 - R. sibiricus Kessler, 1866
  4. 秦巴北鲵 - R. tsinpaensis Liu and Hu in Hu, Zhao and Liu, 1966
  1. 极北鲵 - S. keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870

参考

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  1. ^ Hasumi, M. (2002). About hynobiids. Retrieved May 8, 2005

参见

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小鲵
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