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小蓝企鹅属

小蓝企鹅
化石时期:皮亚琴期至现代
小蓝企鹅(Eudyptula minor
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 鸟纲 Aves
目: 企鹅目 Sphenisciformes
科: 企鹅科 Spheniscidae
属: 小蓝企鹅属 Eudyptula
Bonaparte, 1856

小蓝企鹅属学名Eudyptula,意思为“厉害的小小潜水者”)包含 2 种企鹅,分布于南澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州新西兰(包括查塔姆群岛)。本属物种多半被称为小企鹅、蓝企鹅、神仙企鹅、仙企鹅、小鳍脚企鹅。新西兰的毛利人则称牠们为 kororā[1]

多年以来,坎特伯雷区存在着特有的白鳍企鹅英语White-flippered penguin,牠们有时被视为小蓝企鹅的亚种之一(Eudyptula minor albosignata),有时被视作另一独立的物种(Eudyptula albosignata)。线粒体DNA分析研究显示小蓝企鹅属被分做两个独立的物种族群:分布于澳洲南部沿岸与新西兰奥塔哥大区澳洲小蓝企鹅,以及分布于新西兰其他地区的小蓝企鹅[2][3]。澳洲小蓝企鹅约于 500 年前抵达新西兰,在小蓝企鹅于奥塔哥大区的局部地区灭绝发生之后[4]

分类学

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企鹅目 Sphenisciformes

现存物种

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图片 学名 俗名 分布地区
Eudyptula minor 小蓝企鹅 新西兰、查塔姆群岛
Eudyptula novaehollandiae 澳洲小蓝企鹅 南澳大利亚、奥塔哥大区

化石物种

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图像 学名 参考译名 描述
Eudyptula wilsonae[5] 威氏小蓝企鹅 Tangahoe组,塔拉纳基大区新西兰

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Flemming, S.A. Little penguin. NZ Birds Online. 2013 [24 July 2018]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-05). 
  2. ^ Banks, Jonathan C.; Mitchell, Anthony D.; Waas, Joseph R.; Paterson, Adrian M. An unexpected pattern of molecular divergence within the blue penguin (Eudyptula minor) complex (PDF). Notornis. 2002, 49 (1): 29–38 [2019-09-07]. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2020-02-03). 
  3. ^ Grosser, Stefanie; Burridge, Christopher P.; Peucker, Amanda J.; Waters, Jonathan M. Coalescent Modelling Suggests Recent Secondary-Contact of Cryptic Penguin Species. PLOS ONE. 2015-12-14, 10 (12): –0144966. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1044966G. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4682933可免费查阅. PMID 26675310. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144966. 
  4. ^ Grosser, Stefanie; Rawlence, Nicolas J.; Anderson, Christian N. K.; Smith, Ian W. G.; Scofield, R. Paul; Waters, Jonathan M. Invader or resident? Ancient-DNA reveals rapid species turnover in New Zealand little penguins. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2016-02-10, 283 (1824): 20152879. ISSN 1471-2954. PMC 4760177可免费查阅. PMID 26842575. doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.2879. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Thomas, Daniel B; Tennyson, Alan JD; Marx, Felix G; Ksepka, Daniel T. Pliocene fossils support a New Zealand origin for the smallest extant penguins. Journal of Paleontology. First View. 2023. doi:10.1017/jpa.2023.30可免费查阅. 
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小蓝企鹅属
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