For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 导集.

导集

此条目需要精通或熟悉数学的编者参与及协助编辑。请邀请适合的人士改善本条目。更多的细节与详情请参见讨论页。另见其他需要数学专家关注的页面

数学,特别是点集拓扑学中,拓扑空间的子集导集导出集合)是的所有极限点的集合。它通常记为

这个概念是格奥尔格·康托尔在1872年引入的,他开发集合论很大程度上就是为了研究在实直线上的导出集合。

导集公理

[编辑]

导集是拓扑学的基础概念之一,可以用来定义拓扑空间。 给定集合,考虑一个定义在幂集上的运算,若满足以下导集公理,则称导集运算

  • D1
  • D2
  • D3
  • D4

称为导集

从导集出发可以定义各种拓扑的基础概念:

  • 闭集的子集是闭集,当且仅当。(从此处可以看到和闭集公理的等价性,从而可以等价地定义拓扑空间。)
  • 同胚:拓扑空间同胚,当且仅当存在双射,使得

相关概念

[编辑]
聚点
中的点称为聚点

性质

[编辑]
  • ,若。则称分离的。(注意:不一定为)。
  • 集合被定义为完美的,如果。等价地说,完美集合是没有孤点闭集。完美集合又称为完备集合。
  • Cantor-Bendixson定理声称任何波兰空间都可以写为可数集合和完美集合的并集。因为任何波兰空间的子集都再次是波兰空间,这个定理还证明了任何波兰空间的子集都是可数集合和完美集合的并集。
  • 拓扑空间T1 空间,当且仅当

引用

[编辑]

参见

[编辑]
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
导集
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?