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宿老

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宿老(日语:宿老しゅくろう Shukurō)是日本用语。指累积许多经验的老人,后来变成老臣和家老等有着重要地位的人的称呼。意思是‘宿德老成’的人。

概要

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平安时代朝廷中,被用作指称老练公卿,藤原经宗被称为“朝之宿老”(朝の宿老)、“国之重臣”(国の重臣)。在‘源平盛衰记日语源平盛衰記’中亦记述源资贤为‘古人之宿老’(古人の宿老)。

镰仓幕府评定众引付众为宿老,室町幕府亦沿用之。不过室町幕府有时会称引付众为中老日语中老。在守护大名战国大名的家中,亦被用作职制和重臣的称呼。

江户时代,被用作称呼幕府老中和诸大名家的家老。亦用作称呼参加年寄役、捕鲸势子船日语勢子船的指挥者。

在近代日本中,亦被用作日常用语,在八幡制铁所中,特别优秀的熟练工会被指定为“宿老”,没有退休年龄并一直受雇。

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宿老
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