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家庭式企业

家庭式企业可以是私人或上市公司,但控制股权必须由家族成员或家族基金持有,是以公司最高管理层多为世袭传承。部分公司会传子不传女,甚至只会嫡传。[1][2]全球很多知名的上市公司依然维持家庭式企业状态,例如:沃尔玛美国)、三星集团韩国)、塔塔集团印度) 、台塑集团台湾) 、统一企业台湾)、联合报系台湾)及长和香港)拓富仕国际集团有限公司(香港)等等。

衍生问题

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由于家族管有控制股权,家族利益可能窒碍商业决定。家族承继人未必是最佳的接任人选,但是为了继续管理公司,而放弃从外面招聘专业管理人员。公司中层引入皇亲国戚,可能对其他雇员带来负面情绪,亦剥削了他们晋升的机会。家族成员之间的纠纷,甚至争产,会对公司营运带来一定的干扰[3][4][5]。因此一些家庭式企业采取所有权与经营权分离的制度,由家族持有一定比例的股份、担任董事会成员,但公司经营交给非家族成员担任,例如公司内的资深员工或是从外部聘用专业经理人。

参考

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外部链接

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家庭式企业
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