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安迪尔古城遗址

安迪尔古城
全国重点文物保护单位
中华人民共和国国务院公布
地址新疆民丰县
分类古遗址
时代
编号5-137
认定时间2001年

安迪尔古城,古称唐兰城,位于新疆和田地区民丰县安迪尔村以西20公里处的沙漠中,距离和田市500公里,属时代的古城遗址,为尼雅古城的姊妹城。古城呈圆形,朝东开有一门,城门宽3.4米,有门两扇。城墙厚2-3米,城内直径约200米,城内建筑密集,但都残损,从城内可采集到棉桃、麦穗和棉织物等。

发掘

[编辑]
斯坦因发现的柱子

1901年马尔克·奥莱尔·斯坦因对此处进行了发掘。斯坦因认为这里是重要的军事堡垒,同时也是位于Charchan和尼雅遗址之间的佛教信仰中心[1]。斯坦因还发现了装满织物和佛经残片的佛龛,其中的佛经由中文、吐蕃文和梵文写成,表明此处吸引远处来的信徒[2]

在斯坦因清理一座小佛寺时,他发现一块石碑的碑文记载着公元719年曾有唐朝官员到此。结合他发现的藏文佛经,斯坦因认为唐初此处被唐朝控制,但逐渐被吐蕃占领。而考虑到玄奘和他采用了是同一路线,在《大唐西域记》中记载此处附近毫无人烟,斯坦因认为某些废弃的要塞可能多年后又会重新为人所居,最后由于河流没入沙丘,这一要塞被彻底放弃[3]

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Noble, Peter S. Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London. 1931. 
  2. ^ Sir Aurel Stein & the Silk Road finds. [22 October 2012]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-14). 
  3. ^ 斯坦因. 西域考古记. 商务印书馆. 2013. 

Template:和田地区各级文物保护单位

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安迪尔古城遗址
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