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孙盛.
孙盛(302年—373年),字安国。晋代太原中都(今山西省平遥县西北)人。东晋史学家。冯翊郡太守孙楚之孙,颍川郡太守孙恂[1]之子。
父亲在郡遇贼被杀。孙盛十岁时随族人(孙统、孙绰兄弟)避乱于江左。官至秘书监,加给事中。博学多闻,与殷浩擅名一时,《晋书》本传称:“笃学不倦,自少至老,手不释卷。”
因随桓温从征蜀地成汉、北收洛阳有功,先后封安怀县侯、吴昌县侯。[2]
孙盛撰有《魏氏春秋》、《魏氏春秋异同》、《晋阳秋》等。
陈俊伟说孙盛《魏氏春秋》(《魏氏阳秋》)以曹魏为正统,其认为曹魏的灭亡源于未有掌握权势的曹氏诸侯,并记载了陈寿《三国志》未有的曹氏内的争斗与不利于司马氏的诸事。因为《魏氏春秋》多采纳或非实料的来源,其较为夸张[6],多有错误[7],孙盛本人也被评为“好奇情多”[8]。由于干宝《晋纪》曾参考“最为鄙劣”、“时有异事”的郭颁《魏晋世语》[9],孙盛又兼采二书,时也有三书均错的情况[10][11]。
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《晋书·卷082》,出自房玄龄《晋书》
- ^ 《晋书·孙楚传》及《魏志·刘放传》注引《晋阳秋》皆作“孙洵”。
- ^ 《晋书》本传:会桓温代翼,留盛为参军,与俱伐蜀,军次彭模,温自以轻兵入蜀,盛领赢老辎重在后,贼数千忽至,众皆遑遽。盛部分诸将,并力距之,应时败走。蜀平,赐爵安怀县侯,累迁温从事中郎。从入关平洛,以功进封吴昌县侯,出补长沙太守。
- ^ 《世说新语注·言语-50》:中兴书曰:“潜,盛长子也。”
- ^ 《世说新语注·言语-50》:孙放别传曰:“放字齐庄,监君次子也。”
- ^ 《宋书·臧质传》:冲之,太原中都人,晋秘书监盛曾孙也。官至右军将军,巴东太守。后事在刘琬传。
- ^ s:三国志/卷22:裴松之注:孙盛改易泰言,虽为小胜。然检盛言诸所改易,皆非别有异闻,率更自以意制,多不如旧。凡记言之体,当使若出其口。辞胜而违实,固君子所不取,况复不胜而徒长虚妄哉?
- ^ s:史通/卷十二:其后孙盛撰《魏氏春秋》,王隐撰《蜀记》,张勃撰《吴录》。异闻错出,其流最多。
- ^ s:三国志/卷12:裴松之注:盛以此为美谈,无乃贼夫人之子与!盖由好奇情多,而不知言之伤理。
- ^ s:三国志/卷04:裴松之注:惟颁撰魏晋《世语》,蹇乏全无宫商,最为鄙劣,以时有异事,故颇行于世。干宝、孙盛等多采其言以为《晋书》,其中虚错如此者,往往而有之。
- ^ s:三国志/卷21:裴松之注:而干宝、孙盛、习凿齿诸书,皆云正元二年,司马文王反自乐嘉,杀嵇康、吕安。盖缘《世语》云康欲举兵应毌丘俭,故谓破俭便应杀康也。其实不然。
- ^ 陈俊伟. 東晉孫盛《 魏氏春秋》 之王族歷史敘述. 东海中文学报. 2018, (35): 129–162.
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