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孟尝 (东汉)

孟尝
出生不详
东汉会稽上虞
逝世汉桓帝时期(132年-167年)
东汉会稽上虞
职业东汉官吏

孟尝(?—?),伯周会稽上虞人,东汉时期地方官员[1]。孟尝先后任会稽郡户曹吏、合浦郡太守等职务,为官清廉,深得百姓拥戴[2]

生平

早年

孟尝的曾祖父祖父父亲三代人,都为官至郡太守,为东汉朝廷效忠死节。孟尝自幼修行,成人后任郡内户曹史。

为民申冤

孟尝任小吏期间,上虞有寡妇辛苦赡养婆婆,直至婆婆病逝,之后被其小姑以“因厌倦赡养而下毒毒死婆婆”之名告到县衙门县令未经调查就定罪。孟尝知其冤情,到郡太守处申冤辩屈,但太守没有理会。孟尝在太守府门外痛哭,称病辞官而去。寡妇最终冤死。此后上虞郡连续两年大旱,求雨无效。

新任太守殷丹到任后,寻访大旱缘由。孟尝禀报了寡妇冤死之情,并说:“从前东海郡有孝妇冤死,上天感应而致大旱,之后太守亲自祭孝妇墓,天立降大雨[3]。现在应该惩处诬告者,澄清冤情,即可召来降雨。”

太守下令惩处诬告者,并亲自到寡妇坟前祭告。之后天降大雨,农田丰收。

合浦珠还

孟尝通过策孝廉,举茂才,升任徐县县令[注 1],后迁任交州合浦郡太守。

合浦郡不出产粮食,而沿海出产珍珠,由于与交趾郡相邻,双方经常通商交换粮食。孟尝的前任过度捕捞珍珠贝获取天然珍珠,导致珍珠贝资源枯竭,经济萧条,民不聊生。孟尝到任后,采取合理的开采模式,不到一年后,天然珍珠资源基本恢复。

之后孟尝的这一事迹演化为成语“珠还合浦”。

晚年

孟尝因病告老还乡,合浦郡官吏和民众攀爬他的马车挽留,后孟尝夜晚搭乘小船才离开。

孟尝回到上虞家乡种田养老,邻里士民仰慕其美德,搬到孟尝家附近与之为邻的不下一百户。

汉桓帝时期,尚书杨乔上书推荐孟尝为官,终未获任用。孟尝在70岁时于家中病逝。

相关作品

王勃作《滕王阁序》:

孟尝高洁,空余报国之情;阮籍猖狂,岂效穷途之哭[4]

参见


注释

  1. ^ 临淮郡徐县,今安徽省盱眙县西北


延伸阅读

[在维基数据]

维基文库中的相关文本:后汉书/卷76》,出自范晔后汉书

参考资料

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孟尝 (东汉)
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