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努力号三桅帆船

澳洲探险家佛兰西斯·约瑟夫·贝尔顿英语Francis Joseph Bayldon所绘制的努力号

努力号(HMS Endeavour,又称为HM Bark Endeavour)是一艘排水量为368,可乘载94人的三桅帆船詹姆斯·库克船长的第一次航行,便是指挥这艘船。在该次航行中,努力号于1768年8月由普利茅斯出发,经过合恩角到达大溪地并观察1769年的金星凌日,然后南行到达博拉博拉岛等地,于1769年10月到达新西兰。1770年4月成为第一艘抵达澳洲东岸的船舰,库克在今日的植物学湾处登陆。它之后沿着澳洲的海岸线向北航行,惊险地经过大堡礁,于同年10月10日进入荷属东印度巴达维亚(即今印尼雅加达)进行维修,于12月26日继续西进,1771年3月12日绕过好望角,7月12日回到英国多佛尔,近乎三年后,正式结束库克船长的第一次航行。

随后的四年,努力号一直返还航行福克兰群岛,直至1775年出售予一间私人公司,不久后更名为“Lord Sandwich”。于美国革命期间,英方雇为军事运输舰。最终在1778年,于罗德岛州附近沉没。由于努力号是第一艘到达澳洲东岸的船只,对澳洲别具意义,因此在1994年有一艘努力号的仿制品存放在悉尼港的一间博物馆内。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ Cook, James (2004). "Cook's Journal: Daily entries 16 August 1768". National Library of Australia. http://southseas.nla.gov.au/journals/cook/17680816.html页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). 于2009年4月30日查阅
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努力号三桅帆船
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