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奇兵队

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奇兵队きへいたい)是江户时代末期,1863年(文久3年)长州藩高杉晋作下关战争之后创设的混成部队。长州藩诸队之一。

概要

奇兵队不拘于身份制度,由武士阶级和农民町人等庶民阶级混合构成。由于奇兵队别树一格,不受故有的武士规则(法度)所制约,因此当时奇兵队主张的“来者不拒,去者不追”,成为当时一时传颂的佳话。

当初是以防备外国舰队为主要目的,在回船问屋白石正一郎邸创设,之后将根据地移到赤间神宫。翌年,1864年(元治元年),京都发生禁门之变,最后引发幕府讨伐朝敌・长州藩的第一次长州征伐。奇兵队也参加这场战争。

1865年(庆应元年),发生第二次长州征伐(四境战争),高杉率领奇兵队活跃于小仓口之战,占领小仓城

戊辰战争之时,奇兵队成为官军之一部,和旧幕府军作战。此时,也在周防地区创设第二奇兵队(南奇兵队)。

明治维新以降,镇台设立后废止。奇兵队等诸队士反对废止,引起脱队骚动,最后被镇压。

关连项目

资料

  • ‘奇兵队结成纲领’
  • ‘长州奇兵队名鉴’:名簿
  • ‘奇兵队日记’:全4巻。创设至解散之记录。

脚注

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奇兵队
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