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余式定理

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多项式余式定理(英语:Polynomial remainder theorem)是指一个多项式除以一线性多项式余式

定义

我们可以一般化多项式余式定理。如果的商式是、余式是,那么。其中的次数会小于的次数。例如,的余式是。又可以说是把除式的零点代入被除式所得的值是余式。

至于除式为2次以上时,可将n次除式的列出联立方程:

其中是被除式,是余式。

此方法只可用在除式不是任一多项式的次方。

推导

多项式余式定理可由多项式除法的定义导出.根据多项式除法的定义,设被除式为,除式为,商式为,余式为,则有:

如果是一次式,则的次数小于一,因此,只能为常数,这时,余式也叫余数,记为,即有:

根据上式,当时,有:

因此,我们得到了余式定理:多项式除以所得的余式等于

参见

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余式定理
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