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塞舌尔隼

塞舌尔隼
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 鸟纲 Aves
目: 隼形目 Falconiformes
科: 隼科 Falconidae
属: 隼属 Falco
种:
塞舌尔隼 F. araeus
二名法
Falco araeus
(Oberholser, 1917)
异名
  • Falco araea

塞舌尔隼Falco araea),又名塞舌岛隼,是塞舌尔特有的一种猛禽

特征

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塞舌尔隼是最细小的,只长18-23厘米,翼展40-45厘米。牠们的翼较短及圆。雄隼的上身呈红褐色,有黑色斑点,下身呈淡黄色,没有斑点。头部臀部呈深蓝灰色。尾巴是蓝灰色的,有黑色斑纹。喙深色,脚及蜡膜都是黄色的。雌隼外表像雄隼,稍为大型及淡色。雏鸟是褐色的,头部有斑纹,胸部有斑点,尾巴端呈淡黄色。

生态

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塞舌尔隼栖息在森林、丛林及农地。牠们很少会在天上飞翔,会坐在一旁待猎物出现,俯冲而下捕捉猎物。牠们主要吃蜥蜴,占了其食性的92%,并且会吃细小的鸟类青蛙大家鼠昆虫

塞舌尔隼的地盘只有40公顷大,是猛禽中最细小的。牠们于8月至10月间繁殖。牠们会在山崖、树上或建筑物中筑巢。牠们筑巢只是在掘坑,并不会用任何物料。每次会生2-3只蛋,蛋呈白色,有褐色的斑纹,孵化期为28-31日。雏鸟出生后35-42日就会换羽,并与父母同住往后的14星期。

保育状况

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塞舌尔隼的数量只有约800只,故被列为易危[1]在低地筑巢的失败率达70-80%。牠们以往可能在塞舌尔最大的岛屿上繁殖,但现时已知只在马埃岛锡卢埃特岛北岛普拉兰岛及其他周边小岛繁殖。牠们于1977年被重新引入到普拉兰岛。

对塞舌尔隼的威胁包括有失去栖息地、被掠食及与入侵物种的竞争。大家鼠仓鸮都令蜥蜴的数量大幅减少,且会吃塞舌尔隼的蛋及雏隼。仓鸮及家八哥也占据了很多适合筑巢的位点。

以往因误会塞舌尔隼会猎食家禽及迷信牠们是死亡的先兆而遭人类猎杀,但这种情况已经很少出现。

参考

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  • Ferguson-Lees, James & Christie, David A. (2001) Raptors of the World, Christopher Helm, London.
  • Penny, Malcolm (1974) The Birds of Seychelles and the Outlying Islands, Collins, London.
  • Skerrett, Adrian; Bullock, Ian & Disley, Tony (2001) Birds of Seychelles, Christopher Helm, London.

外部链接

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塞舌尔隼
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