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国民保健 (澳大利亚)

国民保健(英语:Medicare),成立于1984年2月1日[1],由澳大利亚民政服务部英语Services Australia所营运的公共资助全民医保计划,是澳大利亚公民永久居民获得医疗保健服务英语Health care in Australia的主要途径。联邦及州政府经营公共卫生设施,并且为合资格的病患者提供免费的医疗。初级卫生服务,如医务诊所,大多为私人拥有,但民众仍可以有效国民保健卡付款,或先付现金然后到国民保健的办事处申请回退。

根据互惠协议,来自爱尔兰、比利时、芬兰、荷兰、马耳他、挪威、瑞典、斯洛文尼亚、新西兰、意大利、英国等11个国家的国际游客可获得医疗必需的治疗补贴。[2]

历史

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Medicare的前身Medibank由惠特兰政府英语Whitlam government于1975年建立,在成立后的头九个月招聘了3500名员工,在全国各地开了81个办事处,并且为90%的国民派发了保健卡。

1976年,弗雷泽政府英语Fraser government上场,政策有所改变,给医生及医院的回扣大幅减少[3]。往后数年,差不多所有医院都撤销全民免费入院的服务[4]。至1981年下旬,Medibank彻底解散,市场上只剩下私营的医疗保险。

1984年,工党再度执政,霍克政府英语Hawke government重新引入Medicare。

参考

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  1. ^ Happy birthday Medicare but are you still with it?. Consumers Health Forum of Australia. [9 February 2021]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-22). 
  2. ^ Reciprocal Health Care Agreements - Services Australia. [2024-01-27]. (原始内容存档于2017-07-11). 
  3. ^ Biggs, Amanda. Medicare – Background brief. Australian Parliament House Parliamentary Library. 29 October 2004 [23 November 2020]. (原始内容存档于2022-09-22). 
  4. ^ The History of General Practice in Australia - The post-war period. www.gp.org.au. [2022-07-27]. (原始内容存档于2022-07-27). 
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国民保健 (澳大利亚)
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