For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 四齿鲀科.

四齿鲀科

四齿鲀科
化石时期:卢台特阶至现代
瓦氏尖鼻鲀
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
目: 鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes
亚目: 四齿鲀亚目 Tetraodontoidei
科: 四齿鲀科 Tetraodontidae
Bonaparte, 1831
  • 见内文

四齿鲀科(学名:Tetraodontidae)是辐鳍鱼纲鲀形目的其中一科。此科鱼类大多为分布于热带或亚热带的海鱼或河口鱼类,体内常含有河豚毒素[1][2]

命名

[编辑]

这个科名源自其类型四齿鲀属的名称,它源自希腊语τετρα tetra(意为“四”)和ὀδούς odoús(意为“牙齿”),因为该物种有四颗大牙齿,融合成上下板,用于压碎食物[3]

特征

[编辑]

本科鱼类体呈椭圆形,略侧扁,腹部能膨胀而仰泳。体无鳞片但密布能动而无根的小棘,上下颔均有一齿板,每板间有一缝线,故形成四齿状。缺第一背鳍及腹鳍,胸鳍短而广,鼻孔2个,形状复杂,内脏多半有剧毒。

分类

[编辑]

四齿鲀科下分28属,如下:

宽吻鲀属Amblyrhynchotes

[编辑]

Archaeotetraodon 属

[编辑]
  • Archaeotetraodon bannikovi Carnevale & Tyler, 2010
  • Archaeotetraodon cerrinaferoni Carnevale & Santini, 2006[4]
  • Archaeotetraodon dicarloi Carnevale & Tyler, 2010
  • Archaeotetraodon winterbottomi Tyler & Bannikov, 1994
  • Archaeotetraodon zafaranai Carnevale & Tyler, 2010

叉鼻鲀属Arothron

[编辑]

金球鲀属Auriglobus

[编辑]

尖鼻鲀属Canthigaster

[编辑]

也称作扁背鲀属

龙脊鲀属Carinotetraodon

[编辑]

凹鼻鲀属Chelonodon

[编辑]

仰鼻鲀属Chonerhinos

[编辑]

方头鲀属Colomesus

[编辑]

短刺圆鲀属Contusus

[编辑]

溪鲀属Dichotomyctere

[编辑]

鞍鼻鲀属Ephippion

[编辑]

猛齿鲀属Feroxodon

[编辑]

冈瑟鲀属Guentheridia

[编辑]

爪哇鲀属Javichthys

[编辑]

兔头鲀属Lagocephalus

[编辑]

宽额鲀属Marilyna

[编辑]

单孔鲀属Pao/Monotrete

[编辑]

奥米加鲀属Omegophora

[编辑]

盘鼻鲀属Pelagocephalus

[编辑]

繁刺鲀属Polyspina

[编辑]

赖圆鲀属Reicheltia

[编辑]

圆鲀属Sphoeroides

[编辑]

多纪鲀属Takifugu

[编辑]

也称作东方鲀属

四梳鲀属Tetractenos

[编辑]

鲀属Tetraodon

[编辑]

窄额鲀属Torquigener

[编辑]

泰氏鲀属Tylerius

[编辑]

生态

[编辑]

本科鱼在危急时,都会吞入海水以膨胀身体成为球状,使敌人无法吞食,故又称气球鱼。因鹦鹉状的喙状齿,故可吃软体动物棘皮动物甲壳类珊瑚海鞘多毛类海绵等,春季靠岸边,冬季则栖息在近海,有潜伏海海底的习性。

经济利用

[编辑]

大多数物种都是有毒的,其中一些是世界上毒性最强的脊椎动物。在某些物种中,内脏(例如肝脏)和有时的皮肤含有河豚毒素,对大多数动物来说食用后具有剧毒。然而,某些物种的肉在日本(如河豚,发音为fugu)、韩国(如복、bok 或복어、bogeo)和中国(如河豚)被认为是美味佳肴,由受过专门训练的厨师烹制,这些厨师知道哪一部分可以安全食用以及食用量是多少[7]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ ANIMALS - FISH: Pufferfish. [2022-08-28]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-23). 
  2. ^ 李思忠《黄河鱼类志:黄河鱼类专著及鱼类学文选》页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),水产出版社,2015年,ISBN 9789578596771中国海洋大学出版社,2017年,ISBN 9787567015371
  3. ^ Scharpf, Christopher. Family TETRAODONTIDAE (PDF). The ETYFish Project. 11 September 2023 [1 April 2024]. 
  4. ^ Giorgio Carnevale & Francesco Santini (2006) †Archaeotetraodon cerrinaferoni, sp. nov. (Teleostei: Tetraodontidae), from the Miocene (Messinian) of Chelif Basin, Algeria, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 26:4, 815-821, DOI: 10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[815:ACSNTT]2.0.CO;2
  5. ^ Keiichi Matsuura. 2016. A New Pufferfish, Arothron multilineatus (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Tetraodontidae), from the Indo-West Pacific. Ichthyological Research. DOI: 10.1007/s10228-016-0517-8
  6. ^ Heemstra, P. C.; Smith, M. M. (1981). Pelagocephalus marki, a new species of puffer fish (Tetraodontidae) from South Africa. Bulletin of Marine Science. 31 (4): 911-915.
  7. ^ McClane, A.J. The Encyclopedia of Fish Cookery需要免费注册. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1977: 511 (p. 249). ISBN 978-0-03-015431-7. the encyclopedia of fish cookery. 
{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
四齿鲀科
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?