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严可均.
严可均(1762年—1843年),字景文,号铁桥,浙江乌程(现浙江湖州)人,清代学者。
嘉庆五年(1800年)以宛平籍举人,曾替姚文田、孙星衍校书,辑校《平津馆金石萃编》。道光二年(1822年)官建德县教谕,“在任数年,大修学宫,并葺严子陵祠”,道光十四年引疾归。生平好游,足迹几半天下。他研究文字音韵学,一生着书不辍。
著有《说文校议》、《说文声类》、《铁桥漫稿》等书,辑本有:《典语》一卷、《刘氏政论》一卷、《杜氏笃论》一卷、《桓氏世要论》一卷、《蒋子万机论》一卷、《尔雅图赞》一卷、《山海经图赞》二卷、《华阳陶隐居集》二卷、《孝经郑氏注》一卷、《圣贤高士传赞》一卷、《平津馆金石萃编》二十卷、《尔雅一切注音》十卷、《傅子》五卷;积一千二百五十一卷,因卷帙繁浩,不能尽刊。台北国立中央图书馆藏有严氏手校本《初学记》原稿。
清嘉庆十三年(1808年)诏开“全唐文馆”,编辑《全唐文》,一时名士鸿儒多被邀请。严氏因已辞官归田,无能为役,心有不甘,慨然曰:“唐之文,盛矣哉!唐以前要当有总集。斯事体大,是余之责也。”[1]以二十七年之功[2],至道光十四年(1834年)定稿《全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文》741卷,收录3000余家均附作者小传,序中自言“广搜三分书,与夫收藏家秘笈金石文字,远而九译,旁及释道鬼神。起上古迄隋,鸿裁巨制,片语单辞,罔弗综录,省并复叠,联类畸零”,直与《全唐文》相衔接,“清代著述之富,盖无有过之者”。[3]有一子,严六孤,好赌。严可均卒后,其作品都被用来偿还赌债,“乱后不知所终”。
- ^ 《全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文·全文总叙》
- ^ 一说严可均剿窃了孙星衍的成果。俞正燮《癸巳存稿》卷一二《〈全上古至隋文〉目录不全本识语》:“实阳湖孙渊如观察之力。……铁桥搜校古书金石,补至十分之一。”;钱锺书认为谭献《复堂日记》卷五又记吴鼒语谓此书出孙星衍手。杨守敬《晦明轩稿》第一册有此书《跋》云:“迩来有传此书为孙渊如所纂者,谓其言出自吴山尊,是大不然。严氏致星伯书,欲得梁永阳王前墓志及隋高丽碑;今此书已有梁墓志文,是星伯录寄。此志海内孤本,孙氏《访碑录》所未载,尤此书非孙氏作之切证。”(《管锥编·全上古三代秦汉三国六朝文》一 总叙)
- ^ 《清代朴学大师传》
- 李士彪、吴雨晴:《辑佚大家:严可均传》
- 陈韵珊、徐德明:《清严可均事迹著述编年》
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- 在维基文库阅读此作者作品
- 《清史稿·卷482》,出自赵尔巽《清史稿》
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