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周岁

周岁[参 1](又称实岁足岁),婴儿出生满一年。是相对虚岁而言的一种计算年龄的方法,也是现代社会广泛采用的方法。

计算方式为婴儿出生时记为零岁,以后每过一个公历(古代东亚地区农历)的生日周年便增加一岁,是现代社会计算年龄最标准的方法。

古人在计算年龄时,采用虚岁和周岁的情况都有,有时在同一个时代还会采用不同的计算方法,比如,三国魏晋时期的人物,有的采用虚岁计龄,还有的采用周岁计龄。在《三国志·蜀书·谯周传》中,对人物的年龄采用了周岁计算法,更为凑巧的是,在该传里面,我们看到了《三国志》的作者陈寿与他老师谯周的对话,并且这段对话中刚好提到了孔子的年龄问题。该传的最后一段有写“(泰始)五年,予尝为本郡中正,清定事讫,求休还家,往与(谯)周别。周语予曰:‘昔孔子七十二、刘向扬雄七十一而没,今吾年过七十,庶慕孔子遗风,可与刘、扬同轨,恐不出后岁,必便长逝,不复相见矣。’” 根据孔子的生卒年(前551—前479)、刘向的生卒年(前77—前6)和扬雄的生卒年(前53—后18)可知,谯周对孔子、刘向和扬雄年龄的计算都是采用周岁的(出生时记为一岁)。

参见

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参考资料

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出处

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  1. ^ 参见實歲. 中华民国教育部:教育部重编国语辞典修订本. [2012-08-21]. (原始内容存档于2020-06-20). 
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周岁
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