For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 同言线.

同言线

法罗群岛同言线
高地德语可再细分为上部德语 (绿) 和 中部德语 (蓝), 并透过同言线与低地法兰克语低地德语区 (黄) 分隔开。主要的同言线本拉特线(分隔低地德语及高地德语区)及施派尔线(分隔中部德语及上部德语区)分别是图中上、下两条黑线

同言线 (isogloss、heterogloss),也称作等语线 ,是指某一个特定的语言学特征的分布地理界线 ,譬如,某个元音的发音、某个词汇的意义、或是某种句法方言界线的划分一般就是许多条大致重叠的同言线 。

词源

同言线英语“isogloss”源自古希腊文 ἴσος ísos “相同、近似”和 γλῶσσα glōssa “舌头、方言、语言”,其灵感源自于等高线或等压线。虽然如此,同言线的意义并非将讲相同语言的地区以线连接起来,反而是为了分隔讲不同方言的地区。因此,“同言线”此名曾被建议改名为“异言线”(heterogloss,其hetero源自ἕτερος héteros “另外、相异”)[1]

例子

腭-咝音同言线

印欧语系的腭-咝音同言线源自系内语言对原始印欧语舌背音的不同演化。

唇化软腭音: *kʷ, *gʷ, *gʷʰ
软腭音: *k, *g, *gʰ
硬腭音: *ḱ, , *ǵʰ

在某些分支(如古希腊语意大利语族日耳曼语族),软腭音与硬腭音合而为一。

在另一些分支(如波罗的-斯拉夫语族印度-伊朗语族),软腭音则与唇化软腭音合而为一。[2][3]

由于上述两类语族在地理上各自位处相邻的区域,前者大致位于后者西方,因此两类可以被腭-咝音同言线分隔开。

参见

参考资料

  1. ^ Sihler, Andrew L. Language History. Current issues in linguistic theory 191. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. 2000: 170. ISBN 90-272-3698-4. 
  2. ^ Fortson IV, Benjamin W. Indo-European Language and Culture. Blackwell Publishing. 2004: 52–54. ISBN 1-4051-0316-7. 
  3. ^ Rix, Helmut. Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben. Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag. 2001: 359. ISBN 3-89500-219-4. 

参考文献

外部链接

{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
同言线
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?