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逆转录聚合酶链式反应

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逆转录PCR,或者称逆转录PCR(reverse transcription-PCR, RT-PCR),是聚合酶链式反应(PCR)的一种广泛应用的变形。在RT-PCR中,一条RNA链被逆转录成为互补DNA,再以此为模板通过PCR进行DNA复制。

由一条RNA单链转录为互补DNA(cDNA)称作“逆转录”,由依赖RNA的DNA聚合酶逆转录酶)来完成。随后,DNA的另一条链通过脱氧核苷酸引物和依赖DNA的DNA聚合酶完成,随每个循环倍增,即通常的PCR过程。原先的RNA模板被RNA酶 H降解,留下互补DNA。

RT-PCR的指数扩增是一种很灵敏的技术,可以检测很低拷贝数的RNA。RT-PCR广泛应用于遗传病的诊断,并且可以用于定量监测某种RNA的含量。(检测基因表达的方法,参见Northern印迹法。)

用途

实时荧光RT-PCR可用于检测确诊严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(2019新型冠状病毒)。[1]

参考文献

  1. ^ Torretta, Sara; Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo; Cristofaro, Valentina; Ettori, Jacopo; Solimeno, Lorenzo; Battilocchi, Ludovica; D’Onghia, Alessandra; Bonsembiante, Anna; Pignataro, Lorenzo; Marchisio, Paola; Capaccio, Pasquale. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR Using Different Sample Sources: Review of the Literature. Ear, Nose & Throat Journal. 2021-04, 100 (2_suppl) [2024-01-10]. ISSN 0145-5613. PMC 7459180可免费查阅. PMID 32865458. doi:10.1177/0145561320953231. (原始内容存档于2024-01-10) (英语). 

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逆转录聚合酶链式反应
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