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插车

典型的插车

插车(英语:Forklift),又称叉式起重车叉架起货机粤语又名铲车,台湾称为堆高机台语谐音俗称猪哥机(ti-ko),是指工厂仓储等地方对成件托盘货物进行装卸、堆垛和短距离运输作业的各种轮式搬运车辆。国际标准化组织ISO/TC110称为工业车辆。现代化的插车发明于1923年(一说1924年)的美国[1],如今在生产仓储运营过程中它已成为不可或缺的设备

由于插车需要在狭小的空间里作业,因此大多插车的体形十分小巧,仅可以容纳驾驶人员一人。插车的前端有着一对可以上升下降的叉子,用来搬运货物,故名。

插车有内燃机式插车、电瓶式插车和步行操纵式插车,插车不仅可以将货物叉起,进行水平的运输,也可以将叉取的货物进行垂直方向的堆码。插车减轻了装卸工人繁重的体力劳动,提高装卸效率,降低装卸成本。

设计类型

基本构型的德制Stefan Ebert插车
加高型Dieci插车用于土木工程
新型的插车开始导入安全设备

不少国家(或团体)与这种工业车辆有联系。四个主要的工业协会是:中国叉车协会(中国),工业车辆组织(北美),物流欧洲联盟(欧洲)和日本工业车辆协会(日本)。在这些组织之间有许多重要联系并且建立了一些联合统计和工程的项目。

以下是多种插车类型的清单,按从小到大排列:

  • 电动平衡重插车
  • 内燃平衡重插车
  • 窄通道插车
  • 冷冻型插车
  • 防爆型插车

以下台湾称为拖板车

  • 手动托盘拖板车
  • 步行式托盘拖板车
  • 坐驾式托盘拖板车
  • 侧站式拖板车
二战期间装卸战备物资的美国海军仓储兵

参见

  1. ^ Forklift History: The Complete Story. Conger Industries Inc. January 5, 2023 [2023-06-12]. (原始内容存档于2023-06-12). 
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插车
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