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原鳗属

帕劳原鳗
(a) 正模标本,雌性,176 mm;
(b–g) 副模标本英语Paratype,幼鱼,65 mm;
(c,d) 头部的侧视图及仰视图;
(e) 鳃部内侧;(f,g) 鳞片[1]
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 辐鳍鱼纲 Actinopteri
目: 鳗鲡目 Anguilliformes
亚目: 原鳗亚目 Protanguilloidei
科: 原鳗科 Protanguillidae
G.D. Johnson, H. Ida & Miya, 2012
属: 原鳗属 Protanguilla
G.D. Johnson, H. Ida & Miya, 2012
种:
帕劳原鳗 P. palau
二名法
Protanguilla palau
G. D. Johnson, H. Ida & Sakaue, 2012

帕劳原鳗学名Protanguilla palau)是一种鳗鱼,为原鳗科学名Protanguillidae原鳗属学名Protanguilla)下的单型种,2010年3月发现于帕劳岛周遭裙礁英语fringing reef下的一个水下洞穴之中[1]

原鳗科为鳗鲡目下其他物种的姊妹群[2],为单系群,但与其他鳗鱼物种之间具有许多共有衍征。分子分析研究显示其他鳗鱼也皆为单系群,这代表牠们的演化支可能都是从原鳗科分支出来。肇因于此,牠们被认为是活化石[3]

描述

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体型较为细瘦,体长约为18 cm(7.1英寸)[4][3]。具有第二前上颌骨椎骨不超过90节,这些特征在原鳗之前仅有发现于已灭绝的鳗鱼化石上。 此外,原鳗的鳃弓英语branchial arch内具有发展完善的鳃耙,而其他鳗鱼均不具有这项特征,但这项特征在bony fish中却很常见[5]。牠们的特征与其他现存的鳗鱼差异较大,科学家认为原鳗约于2亿年前的中生代就与其他鳗鱼分家。也因此,原鳗被分类至独立的原鳗亚目下,为一科一属一种;并被认为是活化石[3]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Johnson, G. D.; Ida H.; Sakaue J.; Sado T.; Asahida T.; Miya M. A 'living fossil' eel (Anguilliformes: Protanguillidae, fam nov) from an undersea cave in Palau. Proceedings of the Royal Society. 2012,. (in press) (1730): 934–943. PMC 3259923可免费查阅. PMID 21849321. doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1289. 开放获取
  2. ^ Springer, V. G. (2015). The Gill-Arch Musculature of Protanguilla, the Morphologically Most Primitive Eel (Teleostei: Anguilliformes), Compared with That of Other Putatively Primitive Extant Eels and Other Elopomorphs, 103(2), 595–620. doi: 10.1643/CI-14-152
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rincon, Paul. New Pacific eel is a 'living fossil', scientists say. BBC News. 17 August 2011 [17 August 2011]. (原始内容存档于2022-06-14). 
  4. ^ 'Fossil eel' squirms into the record books页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), Agence France-Presse, 16 August 2011.
  5. ^ Scientists discover the most primitive living eel. eurekalert.org. 2011 [17 August 2011]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-12). 

外部链接

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原鳗属
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