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厄尔巴岛

厄尔巴以及其他托斯坎纳群岛岛屿
Google地图: 北纬 42°46′42″, 东经 10°18′20″

厄尔巴岛意大利语Isola d'Elba)位于意大利托斯卡纳地区海岸线外,第勒尼安海利古里亚海之间,是托斯卡纳群岛的主岛,也是仅次于撒丁岛西西里岛的意大利第三大岛,距离亚平宁半岛西岸大约10公里,面积223平方公里,以出产葡萄酒闻名。

根据1814年签订的枫丹白露条约法国皇帝拿破仑一世被流放至此,当时此岛为法国领地。他在厄尔巴岛居住期间,保留“皇帝”头衔,并在名义上统治该岛,每年还可以获得两百五十万法郎的津贴,但由英国皇家海军监看该岛。在其统治期间,拿破仑在岛上实行了一系列的改革措施,收效良好。后人假托拿破仑之名,写下著名的英语回文诗:

Able was I ere I saw Elba.
(落败孤岛孤败落)

1815年,拿破仑得到消息,认为法国人民仍然支持他,而维也纳会议无法立刻对其的行动作出一致反应,加上他怀疑英国密谋将其流放到大西洋的岛屿去,遂于2月逃离厄尔巴岛,回到法国,建立百日王朝。其后他再次失败,被流放到大西洋中的圣赫勒拿岛

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厄尔巴岛
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