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博多-加罗语支

博多-加罗语支
地理分布印度缅甸中国边境地区
谱系学分类汉藏语系
分支
语言代码
ISO 639-5
ISO 639-6bodo

博多-加罗语支,是汉藏语系下的一个支系,约有350万人使用,主要分布在印度东北孟加拉部分地区。

博多-加罗语支可分为四个分支:博多(Bodo)、加罗(Garo)、科奇(Koch)和狄奥里(Deori)。此语支语言原先广泛分布于现今孟加拉北部的布拉马普特拉河地,[1]据推测在阿萨姆语兴起前,原始博多-加罗语很有可能是该地区的共通语

语言

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1903年出版的 《印度语言调查》(Language Survey of India) 中标示的博多-加罗语支
1903年出版的 《印度语言调查》(Language Survey of India) 中标示的博多-加罗语支

博多-加罗语支可大致分为四个分支:

  • 博多语组,250万:博多语(Bodo,又称Boro,154万)、巴尔曼语英语Barman language(Barman)、迪马萨语英语Dimasa language(Dimasa)、提瓦语(Tiwa)、特里普利语英语Kokborok(Tripuri,又称Kok Borok,70万)、喀查里语(Kachari)等。
  • 加罗语组,90万:加罗语(Garo,印度梅加拉亚邦加罗丘陵,90万)、梅加姆语(Megam)等。
  • 科奇语组,10万:科奇语(Koch,印度西孟加拉邦科奇比哈尔,4万)、阿同语(Atong)、鲁嘎语(Ruga)、热坝语(Rabha)等。
  • 狄奥里语(Deori)、莫兰语(Moran)。

古代的哈宗语(Old Hajong)可能有博多-加罗语底层。

巴尔曼语英语Barman language是近期发现的博多-加罗语。[2]

分类系谱

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约瑟夫与伯灵 (Joseph & Burling 2006)

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约瑟夫与伯灵 (Joseph & Burling 2006:1-2) 将博多-加罗语分为四大分支。伍德(Wood 2008:6)亦采用此分群法。

  • 博多语组:博多语特里普利语英语Kokborok、提瓦语。
  • 加罗语组
  • 科奇语组:科奇语、热坝语、瓦南语(Wanang)、阿同语、鲁嘎语。
  • 狄奥里语

贾克松 (Jacquesson 2017)

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贾克松 (Jacquesson 2017:112)[1] 将博多-加罗语分为西、中、东,共三大分支,科奇语和加罗语并入西支。

  • 西支
  • 中支
    • 博多语、梅奇语 (Mech)
    • 日昂语(Bru,又称Riang)
    • 迪马萨语、提瓦语、莫兰语
    • 特里普利语英语Kokborok
  • 东支
    • 狄奥里语

贾克松 (Jacquesson 2017)[1]认为博多-加罗语支是从西南侧进入至其现在的所在地,他亦注意到此语支与泽姆语和库基-钦语支的相似处。贾氏将日昂语划入博多语组

参见

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脚注

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Jacquesson, François and van Breugel, Seino (2017). "The linguistic reconstruction of the past: The case of the Boro-Garo languages." In Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, 40, 90-122.doi:10.1075/ltba.40.1.04van [Note: English translation of the French original: Jacquesson, François (2006). ‘La reconstruction linguistique du passé: Le cas des language Boro-Garo’. Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris 101(1): 273–303.]
  2. ^ A brief linguistic sketch of the Barman Thar (Language)页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Tezpur University.
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博多-加罗语支
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