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南京天坛

南京天坛,即大祀坛,明洪武元年建于南京正阳门(即今光华门)之南钟山之阳今南京石门坎小天堂一带。洪武十年曾改天地分祀为天地合祀而称天地坛,民间俗称天坛。

明代大祀坛神乐观遗物澧泉碑,现移至白马公园

相关地名

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朱棣迁都北京后,南京天坛日渐冷落。至明末,天坛门坊倒塌,巨大的石柱、石块倒地,而成拦路的坎子,故民间称之“石门坎”。

南京市今有“天坛村”、“天坛村小区”、“天坛新村”、“天坛新寓”、“小天坛”、“天地花园”等地名,皆来自于大祀坛所衍生的“天坛”一名。

有人认为,今南京光华门东南侧有“天堂村”,是因南京旧时方言an、ang音不分,故“天坛”被当地人讹称为“天堂”,慢慢形成了“天堂村”、“小天堂”等地名。[1]但是据《南京市地名录》(1984年南京市地名委员会编纂)记载,“天堂村”和“小天堂”并非一地。在当时紫金山公社后庄大队的“小天堂”,来源是宋高宗在此处建设行宫宫殿,此地称“殿堂”、“小殿堂”,后来“殿”讹为“天”,变成了“小天堂”。“小天堂”的位置在童子仓南端、护城河(月牙湖)东侧,距离石门坎约一里路。民国时期的地图均将这一区域称为“天堂”。“天堂村”则是“天坛村”的讹写。

曾经的江苏冶金机械厂所在地名叫“观门口”,其含义是指南京天坛神乐观的大门口。[2]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 从南京地名“小天堂”说起. [2021-06-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-06-04). 
  2. ^ 南京明代天坛残存土埂已找不到 地名成最后印记. [2021-06-04]. (原始内容存档于2021-06-05). 

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南京天坛
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