单斜构造
单斜构造（英语：Monocline）是岩层中的一种阶梯状褶皱，由在水平或倾角较缓地层序列内的倾角较陡区域组成。
形成方式
[编辑]
单斜可以以几种不同的方式形成（见图）
盆地边缘断层的上覆地层序列差异压实：由于盆地填充物具有更大的压实性，导致地层下陷，在盆地边缘形成单斜构造[1]。
伸展断层的后期构造反转导致上覆地层序列中的单斜构造[2]。
由基底伸展断层向上延申到上覆地层层序列所造成[3]。
由反向断层向上延申到上覆地层序列所造成[4]。
实例
[编辑]Waterpocket Fold，地点：犹他州Capitol Reef National Park [5]。
Comb Ridge，地点：犹他州南部[6]。 Grandview-Phantom Monocline，地点：亚利桑那州大峡谷 [7]。
Grand Hogback，地点：科罗拉多州[8]。
Lebombo Mountains地点：南部非洲 [9]。
Lapstone Monocline地点：澳大利亚Blue Mountains[10]。
Beaumaris Monocline地点：澳大利亚[11]。
Purbeck Monocline 地点：英格兰，Isle of Purbeck, Dorset [12]。
Fore-Sudetic Monocline，地点：波兰[13]。
Sindh Monocline, 地点：巴基斯坦[14]。
Torres Flexure，地点：巴西南部 [15]。
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ Skuce, A.G. (1996). "Forward modelling of compaction above normal faults: an example from the Sirte Basin, Libya" (PDF). In Buchanan, P.G.; Nieuwland, D.A. (eds.). Modern Developments in Structural Interpretation, Validation and Modelling. Special Publications. Vol. 99. London: Geological Society. pp. 135–146. ISBN 978-1-897799-43-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-16.
- ^ Chadwick, R.A. (1993). "Aspects of basin inversion in southern Britain". Journal of the Geological Society. 150 (2): 311–322. Bibcode:1993JGSoc.150..311C. doi:10.1144/gsjgs.150.2.0311. S2CID 131396080
- ^ Willsey, S.P.; Umhoefer, P.J.; Hilley, G.E. (2002). "Early evolution of an extensional monocline by a propagating normal fault: 3D analysis from combined field study and numerical modeling" (PDF). Journal of Structural Geology. 24 (4): 651–669. Bibcode:2002JSG....24..651W. doi:10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00120-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2011-01-09
- ^ Finch, E.; Hardy, S.; Gawthorpe, R. (2003). "Discrete element modelling of contractional fault-propagation folding above rigid basement fault blocks". Journal of Structural Geology. 25 (4): 515–528. Bibcode:2003JSG....25..515F. doi:10.1016/S0191-8141(02)00053-6
- ^ "Geology". Capitol Reef National Park. National Park Service. 23 December 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
- ^ Comb Ridge, Utah". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. 2019-11-24. Retrieved 2021-10-22.
- ^ Abbott, Lon; Cook, Terri (2004). Hiking the Grand Canyon's Geology. Seattle: The Mountaineers Books. pp. 99–114. ISBN 978-0-89886-895-1.
- ^ Murray, Frederick N. (1967). "Jointing in Sedimentary Rocks along the Grand Hogback Monocline, Colorado". The Journal of Geology. 75 (3): 340–350. Bibcode:1967JG.....75..340M. doi:10.1086/627261. JSTOR 30071521. S2CID 128672429.
- ^ Klausen, M.B. (2009). "The Lebombo monocline and associated feeder dyke swarm: Diagnostic of a successful and highly volcanic rifted margin?". Tectonophysics. 468 (1–4): 42–62. Bibcode:2009Tectp.468...42K. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.10.012.
- ^ "L001 : Lapstone Monocline". Heritage places and items. Office of Environment and Heritage, Government of New South Wales. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
- ^ "61. Beaumaris Cliffs 3 - Monocline". Sites of Geological and Geomorphological Significance. Agriculture Victoria. 8 June 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
- ^ Nowell, D.A.G. (1997). "Structures affecting the coast around Lulworth Cove, Dorset and syn-sedimentary Wealden faulting". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 108 (4): 257–268. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(97)80011-9.
- ^ Kluska, B.; Rospondek, M.J.; Marynowski, L.; Schaeffer, P. (2013). "The Werra cyclotheme (Upper Permian, Fore-Sudetic Monocline, Poland): Insights into fluctuations of the sedimentary environment from organic geochemical studies". Applied Geochemistry. 29: 73–91. Bibcode:2013ApGC...29...73K. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.09.010.
- ^ Memon, A.D.; Siddiqui, I.; Memon, A. (1999). "Tectonics of the Sindh monocline, Pakistan and their effects on hydrocarbons". Mehran University Research Journal of Engineering and Technology. 18 (2): 87–96.
- ^ Seth, H. (2018). Tectonic Deformation of Flood Basalt Provinces. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-67704-0.
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