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勃兰登堡王室的奇迹.
勃兰登堡王室的奇迹(德语:Das Mirakel des Hauses Brandenburg;法语:miracle de la maison de Brandebourg)此说法由普鲁士国王腓特烈大帝所提出,因俄奥联军于七年战争的库勒斯道夫战役中战胜他后未能扩大优势而来。此说法有时也用于1762年俄罗斯帝国奇迹的君主更替,该更替使俄罗斯帝国退出战争,让已濒临崩溃的普鲁士王国逃过灭国的命运。
普鲁士王国的军队在七年战争后期损失惨重,并被俄罗斯帝国夺去波罗的海的重要港口科尔贝格。腓特烈大帝丧失信心,并有自杀殉国的准备。但当俄罗斯沙皇伊丽莎白一世于1762年1月5日过世后,由于继任沙皇彼得三世的亲普鲁士思想,俄罗斯帝国决定牺牲已得到的利益退出七年战争,并与腓特烈签订《圣彼得堡条约》,结为盟国。该条约后俄军不仅停止进攻普鲁士,反而命令年前攻占柏林的切尔尼谢夫将军率领俄军援助普鲁士。
在第二次世界大战末期柏林被苏联军队包围时。阿道夫·希特勒也曾希望能像两世纪前一样发生突发事件以扭转纳粹德国的覆灭。
参考文献
- Chapter on "The Miracle of the House of Brandenburg" in: Russell Frank Weigley. The Age of Battles: The Quest for Decisive Warfare from Breitenfeld to Waterloo. Indiana University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-253-21707-5.
- Johannes Kunisch: Das Mirakel des Hauses Brandenburg. Studien zum Verhältnis von Kabinettspolitik und Kriegführung im Zeitalter des Siebenjährigen Krieges, München 1978, ISBN 3-486-48481-8 (Kunisch erklärt weder die Entstehung des Begriffs „Mirakel des Hauses Brandenburg“ noch erwähnt er das Briefzitat Friedrichs vom 1. September 1759)
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