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加利福尼亚洋流

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加利福尼亚洋流是一股太平洋洋流,在加拿大英属哥伦比亚省南部海岸开始,沿着北美洲的西海岸往南行进,最后在墨西哥下加利福尼亚州外海汇入赤道洋流。加利福尼亚洋流是北太平洋环流的一部分。这一股寒冷的洋流使得海岸附近的水温比同纬度美国东岸的陆地温度较低,而大量的涌昇流更将较冷的中层海水带至海面,这使得原本已经较冷的美国西海岸更加凉快,这造成了加利福尼亚州海岸边常见的的成因。由于涌昇流的关系,这股寒流非常的富含养分,所以得以支持大量的鲸鱼海鸟以及鱼类等海洋动物,这使得这片海域成为良好的渔场,亦造成加州沿海地区特有的地中海型气候

有时在冬季时,一股称为大卫森洋流的较弱北向洋流会将温暖的海水带往北部海域。在厄尔尼诺现象发生的时候,加利福尼亚洋流的正常流向被打乱,造成了浮游生物的大量减少,使得食物链受到影响,造成渔获的减少以及海洋生物生存的困难。

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加利福尼亚洋流
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