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六氟合铂酸氙

六氟合铂酸氙
别名 六氟铂酸氙、六氟合铂酸氙(I)
识别
CAS号 12062-18-9  checkY
SMILES
 
  • [Xe+].F[Pt-](F)(F)(F)(F)F
性质
化学式 Xe+[PtF6]
摩尔质量 440.367 g·mol⁻¹
外观 橙黄色固体
熔点 分解
溶解性 遇水分解
若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。

六氟合铂酸氙,也称六氟铂酸氙六氟合铂酸氙(I),由英国化学家尼尔·巴特利特Neil Bartlett)在1962年混合六氟化铂得到,是第一个制得的惰性气体化合物。它是个橙黄色的固体,巴特利特认为其组成是“Xe+[PtF6]”,但之后的研究表明其组成并非如此简单。

六氟合铂酸氙在室温下是稳定的,其蒸气压低到可以忽略不计。粉末发粘,即使在低温下也很难磨细。不溶于四氯化碳中;遇水立即分解,生成二氧化铂氟化氢氧气[1]

2Xe[PtF6] + 6H2O → 2Xe + O2 + 12HF + 2PtO2

根据氙和六氟化铂的用量不同,氟铂酸氙的组成可在一定范围内变化。Xe(PtF6)x中的x可在1-2之间。[1]

制备

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六氟合铂酸氙由强氧化性六氟化铂六氟化硫气体中氧化制得。反应初始温度为77K,随着反应进行逐渐升高。

结构

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六氟合铂酸氙的结构并非“Xe+[PtF6]”,因为“Xe+”是一个自由基,会发生二聚,或夺取一个氟原子生成XeF+[2]后期的研究表明该橙黄色固体很可能含有[XeF+][PtF6]、[XeF+][Pt2F11]、[Xe2F3+][PtF6]等组分,[3]阴离子是八面体型的铂氟配离子,阳离子是多种多样的含氙阳离子[4]

氟化氢溶液中制得的六氟合铂酸氙含有[PtF5]n和XeF+离子,因此有人认为六氟合铂酸氙中铂与氟离子生成聚合的网状阴离子,氙或氙与氟生成的阳离子则填充在间隙中。[2]

参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 无机化学丛书,第一卷
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 Graham, Lionell; Graudejus, Oliver; Jha, Narendra K.; Bartlett, Neil. Concerning the nature of XePtF6. Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 2000-02-01, 197 (1). ISSN 0010-8545. doi:10.1016/S0010-8545(99)00190-3 (英语). 
  3. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
  4. ^ Wilhelm, V.; Hoppe, R. ChemInform Abstract: NEUE HEXAFLUOROPLATINATE(IV). Chemischer Informationsdienst. 1975-07-01, 6 (26) [2022-10-15]. doi:10.1002/chin.197526060. (原始内容存档于2022-10-20) (德语). 
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六氟合铂酸氙
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