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八月十五杀鞑子

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八月十五杀鞑子清末汉地广为流传的一个故事,概要是元末,广大中原人民不堪元朝政府的残暴统治,明太祖朱元璋揭竿反,但元军控制严密,义军无法传递消息,适逢中秋节将至,刘伯温献计,在中秋节互赠的月饼里面夹纸条,上面写着“八月十五杀鞑子”。

故事起源和传播

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此事之时、地未见于各史册记载,仅止于传说故事。故事的雏形见于清朝光绪首次刊行的伪书烬余录》,该故事是描绘蒙古兵进入苏州吴县后对当地的残虐。后来有人摘采《元史》及蒙古族相传元朝虐政的记载加以改编,当刘伯温作策划月饼传讯的主谋,合成完整的“八月十五杀鞑子”传奇故事。

此故事结合刘伯温《烧饼歌》谶言预测满清灭亡的传说,以蒙元影射满清,配合“驱除鞑虏、恢复中华”的汉民族革命的宣传,于清末至民初的反清排满浪潮中迅速传播。变为家传户诵的中秋民间传说,直至现在。辛亥革命时,在陕西,八月十五杀鞑子成为革命党鼓动革命的口号。革命党在各城张贴标语,鼓动造反,民间大量流传八月十五杀鞑子的说法。[1]

幸运饼干

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美式中餐常见的饭后甜品幸运饼干有一种起源论是来自于本故事,但很有可能该起源只是后人的一种附会,与本故事并无实质性的关联。关于幸运饼干的起源,一说为由于到美国修筑铁路的华工没有材料制作月饼,或有用饼干代替,由此成为制作幸运饼干的灵感来源。[2]

注释

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  1. ^ 尚秉和《辛壬春秋》陕西第四 民国十三年刻本 辛亥八月,朔省垣四城忽张匿名纸,云秦陆军及武备学堂革党将起兵于是,八月十五杀鞑子之谣充盈街巷,将军文瑞遴旗兵精壮者得千五百人。初,将军荣禄购枪三千枝备简练。及荣禄去,旗卒旋盗之售与镖师,至是尽无一存。
  2. ^ Wilson, Sophia. Chinese Fortune Cookies. List of Fortune Cookie & History. 2020-05-23 [2020-09-30]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-25). 

外部链接

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八月十五杀鞑子
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