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攒盘

民国红木九子盘,绩溪博物馆藏

攒盘(“攒”注音:ㄘㄨㄢˊ),俗称拼盘,有盖的攒盘又称攒盒,为汉字文化圈用于盛放组合式菜或各类果品糕点的传统器具。“攒盘”也可称为全盒,有“十全十美”的意思,于是也常用于喜庆场合。

历史

东晋越窑多子槅,杭州南宋官窑博物馆藏。此类多子槅为攒盘前身
明代青花瓷攒盘

攒盘前身是圆形多子槅,早于东晋出现[1] 。而以多个器具组合而成的攒盘则出现于明代晚期,盛行于清代康熙年间,多施三彩或五彩。后来传至朝鲜越南琉球日本等地,朝鲜称为攒盒韩语:찬합攢盒)或折坂韩语:절판折坂),越南称为部𣛣𡓂越南语Bộ khay đựng部𣛣𡓂)、部𥒦𡓂越南语Bộ đĩa đựng部𥒦𡓂)、部盒𡓂越南语Bộ hộp đựng部盒𡓂)。现仍广泛使用,并流传至世界各地。初期的攒盘由形状不同、数目不等的瓷制小盘拼凑而成(小盘少则五个,多则二十几个),形状有圆形、四方、六方、八方形,乃至梅花形、莲花形、葵花形、菱花形、牡丹花形和叶形等[2][3]。其中一个小盘在中央,其余围绕中央小盘。

后来有些攒盘又回到多子槅形式,各小盘不能拆开。传统的攒盘除瓷器外,还有纸张胎、胎的漆器,金属器,珐琅器等,现代的有些是塑胶玻璃制造。

新春用的攒盒

按照习俗,每家人在新春期间都会准备一个全盒。有人拜年到访时用作款客之用。中国南方人、越南人、琉球人会在里面放各式糖果或糕点,多数还放有一封利市及一个大桔,意思是大吉大利。中国北方人、朝鲜人会放五辛在周围的格,中间放粉皮,称为五辛盘,后来演变成春饼春卷

以攒盘盛载的食品

中国四川传统食品九色攒盒、朝鲜半岛的传统食品九节坂琉球传统食品东道盆日语東道盆都以攒盒为盛器。

参考文献

  1. ^ 郝柯羽. 浅谈多子槅的起源与发展. 毕业论文网. 2016-12-15 [2018-01-18]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-18) (中文(简体)). 
  2. ^ 林正秋、徐海荣. 《中国饮食大辞典》. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社. 1991. 
  3. ^ 石奎济、石玮. 《景德镇陶瓷词典》. 南昌: 江西人民出版社. 2014. 
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攒盘
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