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低音巴松管

倍低音管
装有金属脚棒的倍低音管
乐器别名倍巴松管
相关乐器
相关条目
木管乐器

倍低音管(英文: Contrabassoon, double bassoon)是低音管的变形乐器,属于双簧乐器,音域较低音管低1个八度,是交响乐队木管乐器组中音域最低的乐器。演奏技巧除了少部分的指法外,大致和低音管相近。在现代的交响乐团中,一般都有至少一位低音管手同时演奏低音管及倍低音管。而演奏现代作品或者需运用较大乐队规模的乐曲(如马勒理察·斯特劳斯萧斯塔科维奇等)时,更需要一位独立的倍低音管乐手。

和低音管的分别

倍低音管的簧片都比一般低音管为大及长,长度约为65~75毫米。指法上,特高音域的指法会和低音管所用的指法有所出入。而各指孔间的隔距亦比低音管为阔。乐器的总长度约是其高度的两倍半。由如它巨大的形态及重量,在乐器的底部装有金属脚棒支撑管体,并如铜管乐器一样, 装有排水键, 能将积存在乐器内的凝结水汽排走。 大部分的倍低音管在出厂都是预先装嵌好,并不能如其他木管乐器般可以随意地拆开或结合。只有吹嘴及部分型号的喇叭口能拆开。

音域

低音巴松管的音域大约为3个八度,由 B0 (钢琴的最低A音高小二度) 起计。个别制造的低音巴松管能吹出A0,比钢琴的最低A音还要低小二度。在乐队中是继低音号之后,第二能演奏最低音乐器。最高音可以到达 A3 (比中音 C 低小三度),不过一般作曲家很少会运用上 D3 以上的音。

低音巴松管的记谱音高
低音巴松管的实际音高

记谱

低音巴松管采用移调记谱的方法,较常采用低音谱号,间中亦会采用次中音谱号但不常见。实际发音比记谱音低纯八度。

参考资料

  • Raimondo Inconis, Il controfagotto, storia e tecnica, ed. Ricordi, Milano (1984–2004) - ER 3008 / ISMN英语ISMN 979-0-041-83008-7.

外部链接

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低音巴松管
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