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山伏

熊野山中吹法螺贝修行中的山伏
山伏问答(伽耶院采灯大护摩供)
山岳修行者的装束(都年中行事画帖〈1928年〉)
焚护摩祈祷的山伏影片(转法轮寺)

山伏(やまぶし)是在中徒步、修行修验道行者。也称作“修验者”(しゅげんじゃ)。

奈良吉野山地大峯山金峯山寺)为代表,在大山鸟取县)、羽黑山(山形县)等日本各地的灵山严修苦行,吸收山岳的自然灵力。

头戴名为头巾的多角形小帽子,手持名为锡杖的金属。身穿名为袈裟或篠悬的麻织法衣。为了在山中互相连络或传送信号,持有法螺贝

修验十六道具

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山伏独特的修验十六道具各自象征不二之世界、十界不动明王、母胎等。携带这些道具修行,修验者本身会拥有这些道具的力量。

1.头襟 - 2.铃悬(篠悬) - 3.结袈裟(不动袈裟) - 4.最多角念珠 - 5.法螺 - 6.斑盖(桧笠) - 7.锡杖(菩萨锡杖) - 8.笈(箱笈) - 9.肩箱 - 10.金刚杖 - 11.引敷 - 12.脚半 - 13.八目草鞋 - 14.桧扇 - 15.柴打 - 16.走绳(螺绪) - 17.簠簋扇

上记的一览之中,1.~12.称作山伏十二道具、1.~16.称作山伏十六道具。

修行体验

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山伏除了神佛习合的神社佛阁所属的僧侣或神职,也有在家信者组织“讲”修行的一般人。山伏的“讲”多属于真言宗系当山派的醍醐寺天台宗系本山派的圣护院。其他还有吉野的教派神道、单立寺院等不属于当山派或本山派的山伏。

关连项目

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参考文献

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外部链接

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山伏
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